Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which accounts for over 90% of pancreatic neoplasms, is a highly lethal cancer with a 5-year survival rate below 10%. This is largely due to aggressive metastatic dissemination. A critical factor for metastasis is the tumor stem cell phenotype, mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for tumor maintenance, chemoresistance, and m…