Abstract
Human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL), a serious disease that is potentially fatal to humans, has an extensive geographical distribution and affects susceptible communities in various regions of the world. It is caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani (anthroponotic cycle) and L. (L.) infantum (zoonotic cycle). In VL caused by L. (L.) infantum, the dog (Canis familiaris) is the main perid…