Abstract
Tramadol hydrochloride is a central-action analgesic drug which administered peripherally has shown potent analgesic. It was shown in a pilot study which tramadol, when administered in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), induces a potent antinociceptive through activation of the NO/ cGMP pathway. It has happened independent activation of opioid receptors, however. Whereas activation L-Argi…