Prediction of phylogeographic endemism in an environmentally complex biome

Author(s):Show less -

Carnaval, Ana Carolina ^{[1, 2]} ; Waltari, Eric ^{[1, 2]} ; Rodrigues, Miguel T. ^[3] ; Rosauer, Dan ^[4] ; VanDerWal, Jeremy ^{[5, 6]} ; Damasceno, Roberta ^{[7, 3]} ; Prates, Ivan ^{[1, 2]} ; Strangas, Maria ^{[1, 2]} ; Spanos, Zoe ^{[1, 2]} ; Rivera, Danielle ^{[1, 2]} ; Pie, Marcio R. ^{[8, 9, 10]} ; Firkowski, Carina R. ^{[8, 9, 10]} ; Bornschein, Marcos R. ^{[8, 9, 10]} ; Ribeiro, Luiz F. ^{[8, 9, 11]} ; Moritz, Craig ^{[4, 7]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] CUNY City Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10031 - USA

^[2] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10031 - USA

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200 - Australia

^[5] James Cook Univ, Ctr Biodivers & Climate Change, Townsville, Qld 4811 - Australia

^[6] James Cook Univ, eRes Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811 - Australia

^[7] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 - USA

^[8] Mater Nat Inst Estudos Ambientais, BR-80250 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil

^[9] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Ctr Politecn, Setor Ciencias Biol, BR-81531 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil

^[10] Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Biol, Ctr Politecn, BR-81531 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil

^[11] Fac Dom Bosco, BR-81010 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; v. 281, n. 1792 OCT 7 2014.
• Web of Science Citations: 108

Abstract

Phylogeographic endemism, the degree to which the history of recently evolved lineages is spatially restricted, reflects fundamental evolutionary processes such as cryptic divergence, adaptation and biological responses to environmental heterogeneity. Attempts to explain the extraordinary diversity of the tropics, which often includes deep phylogeographic structure, frequently invoke interactions of climate variability across space, time and topography. To evaluate historical versus contemporary drivers of phylogeographic endemism in a tropical system, we analyse the effects of current and past climatic variation on the genetic diversity of 25 vertebrates in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. We identify two divergent bioclimatic domains within the forest and high turnover around the Rio Doce. Independent modelling of these domains demonstrates that endemism patterns are subject to different climatic drivers. Past climate dynamics, specifically areas of relative stability, predict phylogeographic endemism in the north. Conversely, contemporary climatic heterogeneity better explains endemism in the south. These results accord with recent speleothem and fossil pollen studies, suggesting that climatic variability through the last 250 kyr impacted the northern and the southern forests differently. Incorporating sub-regional differences in climate dynamics will enhance our ability to understand those processes shaping high phylogeographic and species endemism, in the Neotropics and beyond. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 03/10335-8 - Systematics and evolution of the herpetological fauna from Neotropical areas
• Grantee: Miguel Trefaut Urbano Rodrigues
• Support type: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 11/50146-6 - Comparative phylogeography, phylogeny, paleoclimate modeling, and taxonomy of neotropical reptiles and amphibians
• Grantee: Miguel Trefaut Urbano Rodrigues
• Support type: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/50297-0 - Dimensions US-BIOTA São Paulo: a multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic forest hotspot
• Grantee: Cristina Yumi Miyaki
• Support type: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/22477-3 - Hybridization and mechanisms of reproductive isolation of Atlantic Forest lizards
• Grantee: Roberta Pacheco Damasceno
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate