Potential utility of melatonin as an antioxidant therapy in the management of sickle cell anemia

Author(s)

Humberto da Silva, Danilo Gruenig ^{[1, 2]} ; Ricci, Jr., Octavio ^[3] ; de Almeida, Eduardo Alves ^[2] ; Bonini-Domingos, Claudia Regina ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] UNESP Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol, Hemoglobin & Hematol Genet Dis Lab, BR-15054000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] UNESP Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, BR-15054000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] FAMERP Sao Jose do Rio Preto Med Sch, Dept Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Pineal Research; v. 58, n. 2, p. 178-188, MAR 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 11

Abstract

This study aimed to assess antioxidant effects of melatonin treatment compared to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and to their combination in a sickle cell suspension. Sickle erythrocytes were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, composing external control group. They were also suspended and incubated at 37 degrees C either in the absence (experimental control group) or in the presence of NAC, melatonin and their combination at concentrations of 100 pM, 100 nM and 100 mu M for 1 hr (treatment groups). The melatonin influences were evaluated by spectrophotometric {[}hemolysis degree, catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities] and chromatographic methods {[}glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels]. Incubation period was able to cause a rise about 64% on hemolysis degree as well as practically doubled the lipid peroxidation levels (P < 0.01). However, almost all antioxidants tested treatments neutralized this incubation effect observed in MDA levels. Among the antioxidant biomarkers evaluated, we observed a modulating effect of combined treatment on GPx and SOD activities (P < 0.01), which showed similar to 25% decrease in their activities. In addition, we found an antioxidant dose-dependent effect for melatonin on lipid peroxidation (r = -0.29; P = 0.03) and for combined antioxidant treatments also on MDA levels (r = -0.37; P = 0.01) and on SOD activity (r = -0.54; P < 0.01). Hence, these findings contribute with important insight that melatonin individually or in combination with NAC may be useful for sickle cell anemia management. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/07937-8 - Redoxome - Redox Processes in Biomedicine
• Grantee: Ohara Augusto
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC