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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Genetic characterisation of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from feral pigs in the Brazilian Pantanal: An opportunity to reconstruct the history of PCV2 evolution

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Author(s):
Franzo, Giovanni [1] ; Cortey, Marti [2] ; Martins Gomes de Castro, Alessandra Marnie [3] ; Piovezan, Ubiratan [4] ; Juan Szabo, Matias Pablo [5] ; Drigo, Michele [1] ; Segales, Joaquim [6] ; Richtzenhain, Leonardo Jose [3]
Total Authors: 8
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Padua, I-35020 Padua - Italy
[2] Pirbright Inst, Woking, Surrey - England
[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Coll Vet Med, Dept Prevent Vet Med & Anim Hlth, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[4] Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuaria Embrapa, Corumba, MS - Brazil
[5] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Fac Med Vet, Lab Ixodol, Uberlandia, MG - Brazil
[6] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, UAB IRTA, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CReSA, E-08193 Barcelona - Spain
Total Affiliations: 6
Document type: Journal article
Source: Veterinary Microbiology; v. 178, n. 1-2, p. 158-162, JUL 9 2015.
Web of Science Citations: 38
Abstract

Since its discovery, Porcine circovirus type 2 has emerged as one of the most relevant swine infectious diseases, causing relevant economic losses for the pig industry. While four genotypes were identified, only three (PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d) are currently circulating and display a worldwide distribution. Another genotype, PCV2c, has been described only once in Danish archive samples collected between 1980 and 1990. In addition to commercial pigs, PCV2 has been demonstrated to infect wild boars and other wild species, which can potentially serve as a reservoir for domestic populations. In this study, eight sequences obtained from feral pigs in the Pantanal region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) were compared with reference sequences and other Brazilian sequences, and the results revealed remarkable genetic diversity, with all four genotypes currently recognised being detected (PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c and PCV2d). This finding represents a remarkable discovery, as it is the first detection of PCV2c since 1990 and the first-ever detection of PCV2c in live animals. The peculiar population history and ecological scenario of feral pigs in the Pantanal coupled with the complex, and still only partially known relationship of feral pigs with other PCV2 susceptible species (i.e., domestic pigs, wild boars and peccaries), open exciting questions concerning PCV2 origin and evolution. Overall, the results of the present study led us to form the following hypothesis: the PCV2 strains found in feral pigs may be the last descent of the strains that circulated among European pigs in the past, or they may have infected these feral pigs more recently through a bridge species. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)