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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Photochemical degradation increases polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) toxicity to the grouper Epinephelus marginatus as assessed by multiple biomarkers

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Author(s):
Salvo, Ligia M. [1] ; Severino, Divinomar [2] ; Silva de Assis, Helena C. [3] ; da Silva, Jose Roberto M. C. [1]
Total Authors: 4
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo ICB USP, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Cellular & Dev Biol, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[2] Univ Sao Paulo IQ USP, Inst Chem, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[3] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Pharmacol, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: Chemosphere; v. 144, p. 540-547, FEB 2016.
Web of Science Citations: 8
Abstract

The effects of halogen-light-irradiated and non-irradiated PAHs on the grouper Epinephelus marginatus were assessed through biomarkers including morphometric parameters, liver histopathology, biliary PAM concentration, genetic alterations, and enzyme activity modulation. E. marginatus juveniles were divided into three groups: control (C), non-irradiated PAHs (PAHs1), and irradiated PAHs (PAHs2). Test groups were exposed for 14 days to a 0.5 ppm PAH solution in the semi-static system. After this period, fish were anesthetized with benzocaine (2%) and peripheric blood was collected by caudal puncture. Blood smears were prepared and stained with propidium iodide. Fish livers were collected, fixed in McDowell's solution, embedded in paraplast, thin-sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H\&E). For biochemical analyses including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, fish livers were collected and preserved in liquid nitrogen. Water samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and bile synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Fish in the PAHs2 group had micronuclei (MN) in blood cells, as well as significant differences in nuclear morphology (NMA). Significant morphological alterations were observed in the livers from fish exposed to PAHs as well as inhibition of the catalase activity. Our results show that irradiation altered the bioavailability of PAHs, especially benzanthracene, which has great impact in aquatic ecosystems. Among the consequences of physical and chemical changes to PAHs, we observed a significant increase in NMA and MN incidence in E. marginatus erythrocytes, indicating the potential initiation of mutagenic and carcinogenic processes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)