Distinct neuroplasticity processes are induced by different periods of acrobatic exercise training

Author(s)

Salame, Samira ^[1] ; Garcia, Priscila C. ^[2] ; Real, Caroline C. ^[2] ; Borborema, Juliana ^[1] ; Mota-Ortiz, Sandra R. ^[3] ; Britto, Luiz R. G. ^[2] ; Pires, Raquel S. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Cidade Sao Paulo, Masters & Doctoral Programs Phys Therapy, BR-03071000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Lab Cellular Neurobiol, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Cidade Sao Paulo, Lab Neural Basis Behav, BR-03071000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Behavioural Brain Research; v. 308, p. 64-74, JUL 15 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

Short and long-term physical exercise induce physiological and structural changes in brain motor areas. The relationship between changes of structural and synaptic proteins in brain motor areas and acrobatic exercise is less understood. Our aim was to evaluate the expression of synapsin I (SYS), synaptophysin (SYP), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), neurofilament (NF), and a marker for recent neuronal activity (Egr-1) in the motor cortex, striatum and cerebellum of adult rats subjected to acrobatic exercise (AE, for 1-4 weeks). We used adult Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups based on duration of acrobatic training, namely 1 week (AEI, n = 15), 2 weeks (AE2, n = 15), 4 weeks (AE4, n = 15), and sedentary (SED, n = 15). In AE groups, the rats covered 5 times a circuit that was composed of obstacles, three times a week. The protein levels were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that short-term AE (AEI and AE2) induced MAP2 decreases and NF, SYP and Egr-1 increases in the motor cortex; an increase of MAP2, SYS and SYP in the dorsolateral striatum, whereas the dorsomedial striatum showed increased NF, SYS, SYP and Egr-1. Granular cerebellar layer showed increased NF and Egr-1, with increased NF and SYP in the molecular layer. Long-term AE (AE4) promoted an increase of MAP2, SYP and Egr-1 in motor cortex; MAP2, SYS and SYP in the dorsomedial striatum; and NF and Egr-1 in the cerebellar granular layer. In conclusion, our data suggest that different durations of AE induce distinct plastic responses among distinct cortical and subcortical circuits. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/18161-5 - Neuroplasticity generated by different types of physical exercise in the rat brain
• Grantee: Raquel Simoni Pires
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants