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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Swimming Training Modulates Nitric Oxide-Glutamate Interaction in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Normotensive Conscious Rats

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Author(s):
Raquel, Hiviny de A. [1] ; Masson, Gustavo S. [2] ; Barna, Barbara Falquetto [2] ; Zanluqui, Nagela G. [3] ; Pinge-Filho, Phileno [3] ; Michelini, Lisete C. [2] ; Martins-Pinge, Marli C. [1]
Total Authors: 7
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Estadual Londrina, Ctr Biol Sci, Dept Physiol Sci, Londrina - Brazil
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[3] Univ Estadual Londrina, Ctr Biol Sci, Dept Pathol Sci, Londrina - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY; v. 7, JUN 13 2016.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

We evaluated the effects of swimming training on nitric oxide (NO) modulation to glutamate microinjection within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in conscious freely moving rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to exercise training (Tr) by swimming or kept sedentary (Sed) for 4 weeks. After the last training session, RVLM guide cannulas and arterial/venous catheters were chronically implanted. Arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), and baroreflex control of HR (loading/unloading of baroreceptors) were recorded in conscious rats at rest. Pressor response to L-glutamate in the RVLM was compared before and after blockade of local nitric oxide (NO) production. In other Tr and Sed groups, brain was harvested for gene (qRT-PCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry) expression of NO synthase (NOS) isoforms and measurement of NO content (nitrite assay) within the RVLM. Trained rats exhibited resting bradycardia (average reduction of 9%), increased baroreflex gain (Tr: -4.41 +/- 0.5 vs. Sed: -2.42 +/- 0.31 b/min/mmHg), and unchanged resting MAP. The pressor response to glutamate was smaller in the Tr group (32 +/- 4 vs. 53 +/- 2 mmHg, p < 0.05): this difference disappeared after RVLM pretreatment with carboxy-PTIO (NO scavenger), Nw-Propyl-L-Arginine and L-NAME (NOS inhibitors). eNOS immunoreactivity observed mainly in RVLM capillaries was higher in Tr, but eNOS gene expression was reduced. nNOS gene and protein expression was slightly reduced (-29 and 9%, respectively, P > 0.05). Also, RVLM NO levels were significantly reduced in Tr (-63% vs. Sed). After microinjection of a NO-donor, the attenuated pressor response of L-glutamate in Tr group was restored. Data indicate that swimming training by decreasing RVLM NO availability and glutamatergic neurotransmission to locally administered glutamate may contribute to decreased sympathetic activity in trained subjects. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 11/51410-9 - Amelioration of the autonomic imbalances of old age with exercise: exploring the molecular and physiological mechanisms
Grantee:Lisete Compagno Michelini
Support type: Research Projects - Thematic Grants