Dispersal of Lutzomyia longipalpis and expansion of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Author(s)

Oliveira, Agda Maria ; Vieira, Carolina Portugal ; Dibo, Margareth Regina ; Guirado, Marluci Monteiro ; Colebrusco Rodas, Lilian Aparecida ; Chiaravalloti-Neto, Francisco

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Acta Tropica; v. 164, p. 233-242, DEC 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 9

Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a neglected disease, is a serious public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the sensitivity of Lutzomyia longipalpis and canine VL (CVL) autochthony early detection and describe the spatial and temporal dispersal of vector and expansion of VL in a Brazilian state. We obtained data on the leishmaniasis vector and VL cases in Sao Paulo State (SP), Brazil, from the Division of Endemic Disease Control and from the Epidemiological Surveillance Center of the Sao Paulo State Department of Health. Data were analyzed for 645 municipalities and 63 microregions and presented as thematic and flow maps. Following the verified presence of L. longipalpis in Aracatuba in 1997, the first autochthonous cases of canine VL (CVL) (1998) and of human VL (HVL) (1999) in Sao Paulo were reported, both in Aracatuba. From 1997 to 2014, the urban presence of the leishmaniasis vector was verified in 167 (25.9%) municipalities with cases of CVL reported in 108 (16.7%) and cases of HVL in 84 (13%). The sensitivities for vector presence early detection in relation to the identification of CVL and HVL autochthony were, respectively, equal to 76.4 and 92.5%. The sensitivity for CVL autochthony early detection in relation to the HVL autochthony identification was 75.8%. Vector dispersal and expansion of CVL and HVL were from the northwest to the southeast of the state, primarily flanking the Marechal Rondon highway at a constant rate of progression of 10, seven, and six new municipalities affected per year, respectively. We concluded that the sensitivity for vector presence and CVL autochthony presented reasonable accuracy and most of the time the vector presence and, specially, the CVL and HVL autochthony were identified in the main cities of the microregions of SP. Vector dispersal and expansion of VL started in 1997 near the state border of SP with the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. It has advanced from the northwest to the southeast flanking the Marechal Rondon highway at an arithmetic progression rate outward from the main cities of the microregions. Autochthonous cases of CVL and HVL emerged in SP, in general, after the verified presence of L. longipalpis. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/11342-2 - The expansion in time and space, of the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis and the visceral leishmaniasis in humans and canines in the State of São Paulo, 1997-2013
• Grantee: Carolina Portugal Vieira
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 10/20279-1 - Spatial analysis of the occurrence of American visceral leishmaniasis in São Paulo State, Brazil
• Grantee: Francisco Chiaravalloti Neto
• Support type: Regular Research Grants