Schistosomicidal Effects of the Essential Oils of Citrus limonia and Citrus reticulata Against Schistosoma mansoni

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Martins, Moara H. G. ; Fracarolli, Leticia ; Vieira, Tatiana M. ; Dias, Herbert J. ; Cruz, Michele G. ; Deus, Cassia C. H. ; Nicolella, Heloiza D. ; Stefani, Ricardo ; Rodrigues, Vanderlei ; Tavares, Denise C. ; Magalhaes, Lizandra G. ; Crotti, Antonio E. M.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY; v. 14, n. 1 JAN 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 8

Abstract

We report the in vitro schistosomicidal effects of the essential oil obtained from Citrus limonia leaves (CL-EO) and C. reticulata fruit peels (CR-EO), cultivated in Brazil, against Schistosoma mansoni worms. Limonene (29.9%), -pinene (12.0%), sabinene (9.0%), citronellal (9.0%), and citronellol (5.8%) are the major constituents of CL-EO; limonene (26.5%), -terpinene (17.2%), linalool (11.1%), octanal (8.0%), myrcene (6.2%), and capraldehyde (3.9%) predominate in CR-EO. CL-EO displayed moderate lethal concentration 50% (LC50) of 81.7 and 38.9 g/ml against male and female worms at 24 and 72 h, respectively. At concentrations of 25 and 100 g/ml, CL-EO separated between 50 and 75% of the coupled worm pairs during the evaluated period. CR-EO presented moderate LC50 of 81.7 g/ml against male and female worms at 24 and 72 h. However, this oil separated coupled worm pairs more effectively than CL-EO and displayed lower cytotoxicity to GM07492-A cells (IC50 = 987.7 +/- 88.9 g/ml) as compared to CL-EO (IC50 = 187.8 +/- 2.9 g/ml). The enantiomers (+)-(R)-limonene and (-)-(S)-limonene did not affect S. mansoni adult worm pairs significantly. Taken together, these data indicate that CL-EO and CR-EO exhibit moderate in vitro schistosomicidal activity against adult S. mansoni worms. (AU)