Surveillance culture for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria: Performance in liver transplant recipients

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Freire, Maristela Pinheiro ; Villela Soares Oshiro, Isabel Cristina ; Bonazzi, Patricia Rodrigues ; Pierrotti, Ligia Camera ; de Oliveira, Larissa Marques ; Machado, Anna Silva ; Van Der Heijdenn, Inneke Marie ; Rossi, Flavia ; Costa, Silvia Figueiredo ; Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Luiz Augusto ; Abdala, Edson

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL; v. 45, n. 3, p. E40-E44, MAR 1 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of infection with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) after solid-organ transplantation is increasing. Surveillance culture (SC) seems to be an important tool for MDR-GNB control. The goal of this study was to analyze the performance of SC for MDR-GNB among liver transplant (LT) recipients. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study involving patients who underwent LT between November 2009 and November 2011. We screened patients for extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli, extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, and carbapenemresistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), and carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). We collected SC samples immediately before LT and weekly thereafter, until hospital discharge. Samples were collected from the inguinal-rectal area, axilla, and throat. The performance of SC was evaluated through analysis of its sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy. Results: During the study period, 181 patients were evaluated and 4,110 SC samples were collected. The GNB most often identified was CRAB, in 45.9% of patients, followed by CRKP in 40.3%. For all microorganisms, the positivity rate was highest among the inguinal-rectal samples. If only samples collected from this area were considered, the SC would fail to identify 34.9% of the cases of CRAB colonization. The sensitivity of SC for CRKP was 92.5%. The performance of SC was poorest for CRAB (sensitivity, 80.6%). Conclusions: Our data indicate that SC is a sensitive tool to identify LT recipients colonized by MDR-GNB. (C) 2017 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/02267-6 - Risk factors for gram-negative bacterial hospital infection in liver transplantation
• Grantee: Edson Abdala
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants