Cephalic anatomy and three-dimensional reconstruction of the head of Catops ventricosus (Weise, 1877) (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae)

Author(s)

Antunes-Carvalho, Caio ; Yavorskaya, Margarita ; Gnaspini, Pedro ; Ribera, Ignacio ; Hammel, Jorg U. ; Beutel, Rolf Georg

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ORGANISMS DIVERSITY & EVOLUTION; v. 17, n. 1, p. 199-212, MAR 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 8

Abstract

Adult head structures are well known in the coleopteran suborders Archostemata and Adephaga, whereas the available information is very fragmentary in the megadiverse Polyphaga, including the successful superfamily Staphylinoidea. In the present study, the cephalic morphology of the cholevine species Catops ventricosus is described in detail and documented. The results were compared to conditions occurring in other polyphagan lineages, especially staphylinoid and scarabaeoid representatives. Specific external features documented in Catops and potential autapomorphies of Leiodidae include a five-segmented antennal club with a reduced eighth antennomere and the presence of periarticular grooves filled with sensilla on antennomeres 7, 9, and 10. The firm connection of the head and pronotum is possibly an apomorphy of Cholevinae. The monophyly of Cholevinae excluding Eucatopini and Oritocatopini is supported by the apical maxillary palpomere as long as or shorter than the subapical one, and the presence of cryptic pore plates on the surface of these palpomeres-a feature described and documented here for the first time. The internal cephalic structures of Catops are mostly plesiomorphic, as for instance the complete tentorium. The pattern of the muscles is similar to what is found in other staphylinoid taxa. The unusual maxillary muscle ``Mx{''} is likely a groundplan apomorphy of the clade Staphyliniformia + Scarabaeoidea. M. hypopharyngomandibularis (M13) was identified in Catops and is ancestral for Coleoptera, even though it is often missing. The same applies to M. tentoriohypopharyngalis (M42). (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/06314-7 - Taxonomy of neotropical Ptomaphagini (Leiodidae, Cholevinae) beetles with emphasis on species of Adelopsis Portevin and related genera
• Grantee: Pedro Gnaspini Netto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/22088-0 - Pretarsal morphology and three dimensional reconstruction of head in Cholevinae (Coleoptera, Leiodidae)
• Grantee: Caio Antunes de Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/19002-0 - Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of Paulipalpina Gnaspini & Peck and Parapaulipalpina Gnaspini (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae)
• Grantee: Caio Antunes de Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate