delta C-13 decreases in the upper western South Atlantic during Heinrich Stadials 3 and 2

Author(s)

Campos, Marilia C. ; Chiessi, Cristiano M. ; Voigt, Ines ; Piola, Alberto R. ; Kuhnert, Henning ; Mulitza, Stefan

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Climate of the Past; v. 13, n. 4 APR 18 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 4

Abstract

Abrupt millennial-scale climate change events of the last deglaciation (i.e. Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas) were accompanied by marked increases in atmospheric CO2 (CO2atm) and decreases in its stable carbon isotopic ratios (delta C-13), i.e. delta(CO2atm)-C-13, presumably due to out-gassing from the ocean. However, information on the preceding Heinrich Stadials during the last glacial period is scarce. Here we present delta C-13 records from two species of planktonic foraminifera from the western South Atlantic that reveal major decreases (up to 1%) during Heinrich Stadials 3 and 2. These delta C-13 decreases are most likely related to millennial-scale periods of weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the consequent increase (decrease) in CO2atm (delta(CO2atm)-C-13). We hypothesise two mechanisms that could account for the decreases observed in our records, namely strengthening of Southern Ocean deep-water ventilation and weakening of the biological pump. Additionally, we suggest that air-sea gas exchange could have contributed to the observed delta C-13 decreases. Together with other lines of evidence, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the CO2 added to the atmosphere during abrupt millennial-scale climate change events of the last glacial period also originated in the ocean and reached the atmosphere by outgassing. The temporal evolution of delta C-13 during Heinrich Stadials 3 and 2 in our records is characterized by two relative minima separated by a relative maximum. This ``w structure{''} is also found in North Atlantic and South American records, further suggesting that such a structure is a pervasive feature of Heinrich Stadial 2 and, possibly, also Heinrich Stadial 3. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/25518-2 - Variability of the Brazil Current and its impacts on the South American climate during the last 30,000 years
• Grantee: Marília de Carvalho Campos Garcia
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 12/17517-3 - Response of the Western Atlantic Ocean to changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: from millennial to seasonal variability
• Grantee: Cristiano Mazur Chiessi
• Support Opportunities: Research Program on Global Climate Change - Young Investigators
• FAPESP's process: 15/11016-0 - Variability of the Brazil Current and its impacts on the South American climate during the last 30,000 years: assessing sea-surface temperatures via Mg/Ca analyses
• Grantee: Marília de Carvalho Campos Garcia
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Master's degree