Origin and hidden diversity within the poorly known Galapagos snake radiation (Serpentes: Dipsadidae)

Author(s)

Zaher, Hussam ^[1] ; Yanez-Munoz, Mario H. ^[2] ; Rodrigues, Miguel T. ^[3] ; Graboski, Roberta ^[1] ; Machado, Fabio A. ^[4] ; Altamirano-Benavides, Marco ^{[5, 6]} ; Bonatto, Sandro L. ^[7] ; Grazziotin, Felipe G. ^[8]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Ave Nazare 481, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Inst Nacl Biodiversidad, Ave Shyris & Rumipamba 341, Quito - Ecuador

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Rua Matao, Travessa 14, Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Mastozool, Ave Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, DF - Argentina

^[5] Univ Iberoamer Ecuador, Inst Invest Cient & Tecnol INCYT, 9 Octubre N25-12 & Colon, Quito - Ecuador

^[6] Univ Cent Ecuador, Estn Cient Amazon Juri Juri Kawsay, Ave Amer N23-41 & Mercadillo, Quito - Ecuador

^[7] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Lab Biol Genom & Mol, Ave Ipiranga 6681, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil

^[8] Inst Butantan, Lab Colecoes Zool, Ave Vital Brasil 1500, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SYSTEMATICS AND BIODIVERSITY; v. 16, n. 7, p. 614-642, 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 4

Abstract

Galapagos snakes are among the least studied terrestrial vertebrates of the Archipelago. Here, we provide a phylogenetic analysis and a time calibrated tree for the group, based on a sampling of the major populations known to occur in the Archipelago. Our study revealed the presence of two previously unknown species from Santiago and Rabida Islands, and one from Tortuga, Isabela, and Fernandina. We also recognize six additional species of Pseudalsophis in the Galapagos Archipelago (Pseudalsophis biserialis from San Cristobal, Floreana and adjacent islets; Pseudalsophis hoodensis from Espanola and adjacent islets; Pseudalsophis dorsalis from Santa Cruz, Baltra, Santa Fe, and adjacent islets; Pseudalsophis occidentalis from Fernandina, Isabela, and Tortuga; Pseudalsophis slevini from Pinzon, and Pseudalsophis steindachneri from Baltra, Santa Cruz and adjacent islets). Our time calibrated tree suggests that the genus Pseudalsophis colonized the Galapagos Archipelago through a single event of oceanic dispersion from the coast of South America that occurred at approximately between 6.9Ma and 4.4Ma, near the Miocene/Pliocene boundary.www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2679FD19-01E5-48FE-A0D A-A88FF145DE56 (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 02/13602-4 - Evolution of the southeastern Brazilian reptile fauna from Cretaceous: paleontology, phylogeny and biogeography
• Grantee: Hussam El Dine Zaher
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 07/52144-5 - Analysis of the longitudinal variation of the axial skeleton in serpents (Squamata) using tools of geometric mophometry
• Grantee: Fábio de Andrade Machado
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 11/50146-6 - Comparative phylogeography, phylogeny, paleoclimate modeling, and taxonomy of neotropical reptiles and amphibians
• Grantee: Miguel Trefaut Urbano Rodrigues
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/24755-8 - Phylogenetic analysis and evolution of head forms of Amphisbaenia (Reptilia, Squamata)
• Grantee: Roberta Graboski Mendes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate