The effect of a short-term low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with or without postmeal walks on glycemic control and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial

Author(s)

Myette-Cote, Etienne ^[1] ; Durrer, Cody ^[1] ; Neudorf, Helena ^[1] ; Bammert, Tyler D. ^[2] ; Botezelli, Jose Diego ^[3] ; Johnson, James D. ^[3] ; DeSouza, Christopher A. ^[2] ; Little, Jonathan P. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ British Columbia Okanagan, Sch Hlth & Exercise Sci, 3333 Univ Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7 - Canada

^[2] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Integrat Vasc Biol Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 - USA

^[3] Univ British Columbia, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, Vancouver, BC - Canada

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY; v. 315, n. 6, p. R1210-R1219, DEC 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Lowering carbohydrate consumption effectively lowers glucose, but impacts on inflammation are unclear. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine whether reducing hyperglycemia by following a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LC) diet could lower markers of innate immune cell activation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 2) examine if the combination of an LC diet with strategically timed postmeal walking was superior to an LC diet alone. Participants with T2D (n = 11) completed a randomized crossover study involving three 4-day diet interventions: 1) low-fat low-glycemic index (GL), 2) and 3) LC with 15-min postmeal walks (LC+Ex). Four-day mean glucose was significantly lower in the LC +Ex group as compared with LC (-5%. P < 0.05), whereas both LC +Ex (-16%. P < 0.001) and LC (-12%, P < 0.001) conditions were lower than GI.. A significant main effect of time was observed for peripheral blood mononuclear cells phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (P < 0.001), with decreases in all three conditions (GL: -32%, LC: -45%, and LC+Ex: -44%). A significant condition by time interaction was observed for monocyte microparticles (P = 0.040) with a significant decrease in GL (-76%, P = 0.035) and a tendency for a reduction in LC (-70%, P = 0.064), whereas there was no significant change in LC+Ex (0.5%, P = 0.990). Both LC (-27%, P = 0.001) and LC+Ex (-35%, P = 0.005) also led to significant reductions in circulating proinsulin. An LC diet improved 4-day glycemic control and fasting proinsulin levels when compared with GL, with added glucose-lowering benefits when LC was combined with postmeal walking. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/23251-7 - The role of hyperinsulinemia on SIRT activity, PPAr-y acetylation and UCP expression in adipose tissue.
• Grantee: José Diego Botezelli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor