Differences in the immune-inflammatory profiles of unipolar and bipolar depression

Author(s):Show less -

Brunoni, Andre R. ^{[1, 2, 3, 4]} ; Supasitthumrong, Thitiporn ^[5] ; Teixeira, Antonio Lucio ^{[6, 7]} ; Vieira, Erica L. M. ^{[6, 7]} ; Gattaz, Wagner F. ^{[1, 2]} ; Bensenor, Isabela M. ^{[3, 4]} ; Lotufo, Paulo A. ^{[3, 4]} ; Lafer, Beny ^{[8, 9]} ; Berk, Michael ^{[10, 11, 12]} ; Carvalho, Andre F. ^{[13, 14]} ; Maes, Michael ^{[15, 5, 11]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neurosci LIM 27, R Dr Ovidio Pires de Campos 785, 2o Andar, BR-05403000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Inst Psychiat, R Dr Ovidio Pires de Campos 785, 2o Andar, BR-05403000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Internal Med, Ave Prof Lineu Prestes 2565, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Hosp Univ, Ave Prof Lineu Prestes 2565, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Bangkok - Thailand

^[6] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Interdisciplinary Lab Med Invest, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[7] UT Hlth Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Neuropsychiat Program, Houston, TX - USA

^[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch, Inst Psychiat, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[9] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Bipolar Disorder Res Program, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[10] Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic - Australia

^[11] Deakin Univ, IMPACT Strateg Res Ctr, Sch Med, Barwon Hlth, Geelong, Vic - Australia

^[12] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Youth Mental Hlth, Natl Ctr Excellence Youth Mental Hlth, Orygen, Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic - Australia

^[13] Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON - Canada

^[14] CAMH, 33 Russell St, Tower Bldg, T314, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1 - Canada

^[15] Med Univ Plovdiv, Dept Psychiat, Plovdiv - Bulgaria

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Affective Disorders; v. 262, p. 8-15, FEB 1 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BD) both share increased immune-inflammatory activation. However, there are unclear patterns of differences in peripheral immune profiles between them. Methods: We examined such differences in 245 MDD and 59 BD patients, recruited in the same center, who were in an acute depressive episode of moderate severity. Hierarchical binary logistic regression analyses and generalized linear models were used to compare levels of plasma biomarkers between groups and to predict dichotomous classification. Results: Interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR)1, IL-12 and IL-10 were significantly higher in MDD than in BD, whereas IL-6, sTNFR2, IL-18, IL-33, ST2 (IL1R Like 1) and KLOTHO were significantly higher in BD than in MDD. Moreover, logistic regression analyses correctly classified BD and MDD patients with 98.1% accuracy, using a combination of IL-6, IL-8, ST2, sTNFR2 (directly associated with BD) and IL-12 and TNF-alpha (directly associated with MDD). Patients with MDD with melancholic features showed higher IL-1 beta levels than those without melancholia. The sTNFR1 / sTNFR2 ratio significantly predicted MDD and state and trait anxiety and negative affect. Results remained significant after covariate adjustment, including drug use. Limitations: Cross-sectional study. Lack of control comparison group. Differences in exposure to medications among participants. Conclusions: Differences in immune profiles between BD and MDD patients exist, especially for the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS): increased IL-10 is the primary immune-regulatory mechanism in MDD, while increased sTNFR2 and KLOTHO are the primary regulatory mechanisms in BD. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/20911-5 - Escitalopram and transcranial direct current stimulation in major depressive disorder: a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, non-inferiority trial
• Grantee: Andre Russowsky Brunoni
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants