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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Understanding the mechanism of carbonization and KOH activation of polyaniline leading to enhanced electrosorption performance

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Author(s):
Zornitta, Rafael L. [1] ; Barcelos, Kamilla M. [1] ; Nogueira, Francisco G. E. [1] ; Ruotolo, Luis A. M. [1]
Total Authors: 4
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem Engn, Rod Washington Luiz Km 235, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 1
Document type: Journal article
Source: Carbon; v. 156, p. 346-358, JAN 2020.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) emerged as a new water desalination technology in which ions are removed from brackish water by being attracted and stored in two polarized electrodes. The electrode material plays a very important role affecting other fundamental parameters such as the salt adsorption capacity (SAC), conductivity, desalination kinetics, and energy consumption. Typically, the CDI electrodes are carbon-based materials, fulfilling requirements such as high specific surface area (SSA), chemical stability, and conductivity. Here, we make a comprehensive study of the variables involved in the polyaniline activated carbons (PAC) preparation. A new mechanism is proposed to explain how the carbonization/activation conditions have influence on textural properties (SSA and pore volume) of PAC. We found that carbonization at temperatures <= 600 degrees C are mandatory to provide more KOH-reactive carbon intermediates due to their turbostratic structure. After activation at 850 degrees C, remarkable pore volume (2.30 cm(3)/g) and SSA (similar to 3600m(2)/g) were achieved, which has direct influence on promoting high electrode capacitance (213 F/g), SAC (22.2 mg/g), and charge efficiency (81%). This SAC is among the highest values reported for CDI desalination using carbon electrodes. This work enlightens the mechanism to achieve high performance activated carbons providing a promising electrode material for CDI desalination. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 15/26593-3 - Desalination using capacitive deionization: development of new electrodes and process optimization
Grantee:Rafael Linzmeyer Zornitta
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
FAPESP's process: 17/19838-5 - DESALINATION AND SEPARATION OF AMINO ACIDS BY ELECTROSSORPTION USING ELECTRODES OF ACTIVATED GRAPHENE
Grantee:Luis Augusto Martins Ruotolo
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants