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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Mapping carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of fingernails to demonstrate a rural-urban nutrition transition in the Center-West, Northeast, and Amazon regions of Brazil

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Nardoto, Gabriela B. [1] ; da Silva, Rodrigo J. [2] ; Schor, Tatiana [3] ; Garavello, Maria Elisa P. E. [4] ; da Silva, Marcia Regina F. [5] ; Rodrigues, Livia P. F. [6] ; Murrieta, Rui Sergio S. [7] ; Camilo, Ellen A. [3] ; Reinaldo, Emanoella D. F. [5] ; de Aquino, Fernanda C. [6] ; da Silva, Estefano A. [6] ; de Camargo, Plinio B. [8] ; Moreira, Marcelo Z. [8] ; Mazzi, Edmar A. [8] ; Duarte-Neto, Paulo Jose [9] ; Martinelli, Luiz Antonio [8]
Total Authors: 16
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF - Brazil
[2] Univ Fed Rural Amazonia UFRA, Belem, Para - Brazil
[3] Univ Fed Amazonas, Dept Geog, Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil
[4] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Piracicaba - Brazil
[5] Univ Estado Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Gestao Ambiental, Mossoro - Brazil
[6] Univ Brasilia, Fac UnB Planaltina, Brasilia, DF - Brazil
[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Lab Arqueol Antropol Ambiental & Evolut LAAAE, Sao Paulo - Brazil
[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Ecol Isotop, CENA, Piracicaba - Brazil
[9] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Estat & Informat, Recife, PE - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 9
Document type: Journal article
Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY; v. 172, n. 4 JUN 2020.
Web of Science Citations: 1
Abstract

Objective The main objective of this study is to investigate diet patterns among rural and urban populations of the Center-West, Northeast, and Amazon regions of Brazil through the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of fingernails, recognizing that the extent of market integration is a key driver of food consumption. Materials and methods In the Center-West, Northeast, and Amazon regions of Brazil, fingernails were sampled in clusters encompassing a major city, town, and rural village. A total of 2,133 fingernails were analyzed. Fingernails were clipped by donors using fingernail clippers. In the laboratory, samples were cleaned then weighed in small tin capsules before being isotopically analyzed for carbon and nitrogen. Results The overall mean delta C-13 and delta N-15 were -19.7 +/- 2.8 parts per thousand and 10.6 +/- 1.1 parts per thousand, respectively. In the more remote villages, where access to food markets is more challenging, lower delta C-13 prevails, suggesting that Brazilian staple foods (rice, beans, and farinha) still dominate. In areas with easier access to food markets, delta C-13 values were higher, suggesting a change to a diet based on C-4 plants, typical of a Brazilian supermarket diet. The variability among inhabitants in the same location expressed by a significant inverse correlation between delta C-13 and delta N-15 fingernail values suggested that ``market integration{''} does not affect everyone equally in each community. Discussion and Conclusion The nutrition transition has not yet reached some remote villages in these regions of Brazil or that the nutrition transition has not yet reached all residents of these remote villages. On the other hand, in several villages there is a considerable adherence to the supermarket diet or that some residents of these villages are already favoring processed food. (AU)