Analysis of patients with obstructive sleep apnea with and without pharyngeal myopathy using brain neuroimaging

Author(s)

Baima, Camila Bonfanti ^[1] ; Fim, Natalia Castro ^[1] ; Alves, Karen Fernanda ^[1] ; de Lima Resende, Luiz Antonio ^[1] ; Fonseca, Ronaldo Guimaraes ^[1] ; Betting, Luiz Eduardo ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Fac Med, Dept Neurol Psicol & Psiquiatria, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Sleep; v. 43, n. 2 FEB 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Study Objectives: Elements impairing upper airway anatomy or muscle function (e.g. pharyngeal neuromyopathy) contribute to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Structural brain imaging may differ in patients with OSAS according to dilator muscle dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) was used to investigate this hypothesis. Methods: Eighteen patients with OSAS and 32 controls underwent 3T brain MRI. T1 volumetric images were used for structural analysis. Pharyngeal electroneuromyography was performed; patients with OSAS were classified as with or without neuromyopathy. VBM and SBM analyses were conducted using SPM12 and CAT12 software. Image processing was standard. Cortical surface parameters and gray and white matter volumes from participants with OSAS with and without neuromyopathy were compared with those from controls. Results: Eleven patients had OSAS with neuromyopathy and seven patients had OSAS without neuromyopathy (normal pharyngeal electroneuromyography). Comparing these groups to the controls, VBM revealed: four clusters (total volume 15,368 mm(3)) for patients with neuromyopathy, the largest cluster in the left cerebellum (9,263 mm(3), p = 0.0001), and three clusters (total 8,971 mm(3)) for patients without neuromyopathy, the largest cluster in the left cerebellum (5,017 mm(3), p = 0.002). Patients with OSAS with neuromyopathy showed increased proportion of atrophy (p < 0.0001). SBM showed abnormalities in patients without neuromyopathy (decreased cortical thickness, left precentral gyrus {[}672 vertices, p = 0.04]; increased cortical complexity, right middle temporal gyrus {[}578 vertices, p = 0.032]). Conclusion: Damaged areas were larger in patients with OSAS with than in those without neuromyopathy, suggesting differences in brain involvement. Patients with OSAS and neuromyopathy may be more susceptible to cerebral damage. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/17914-3 - Effect of antiepileptic drugs and of epileptiform discharges in the functional connectivity of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
• Grantee: Luiz Eduardo Gomes Garcia Betting
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants