Entrelacado, a rare maize race conserved in Southwestern Amazonia

Author(s)

Costa, Flaviane Malaquias ^[1] ; de Almeida Silva, Natalia Carolina ^[2] ; Vidal, Rafael ^[3] ; Clement, Charles Roland ^[4] ; Alves, Rubana Palhares ^[4] ; Bianchini, Paola Cortez ^[5] ; Haverroth, Moacir ^[6] ; Freitas, Fabio de Oliveira ^[7] ; Veasey, Elizabeth Ann ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Genet, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Technol Univ Uruguay, Durazno 97000 - Uruguay

^[3] Univ Republica, Fac Agron, Montevideo 12900 - Uruguay

^[4] Natl Res Inst Amazonia, BR-69067375 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[5] Embrapa Semiarid, BR-56302970 Petrolina, PE - Brazil

^[6] Embrapa Acre AC, BR-69900970 Rio Branco, AC - Brazil

^[7] Embrapa Genet Resources & Biotechnol, BR-70770901 Brasilia, DF - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution; v. 68, n. 1 SEP 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Maize (Zea maysspp.maysL.) is the major domesticated cereal of the Americas and is of great relevance for global food security. For a long time, Amazonia represented an empty space in the racial distribution maps of this species, due to the lack of collections and the idea that locally developed races became extinct during European colonization. However, a native race had been described in Brazilian Amazonia, theEntrelacadorace, and a new study placed Amazonia on the map again, with a proposal for a center of diversification in Southwestern Amazonia. We prospected maize in the Brazilian states of Acre and Rondonia (Southwestern Brazilian Amazonia) and found floury landraces belonging to theEntrelacadorace, rare in existing collections and often considered extinct in the field. We collected indigenous and local names, general and specific uses forEntrelacado, and characterized these accessions to compare them with other Brazilian floury maize races, based on data from the literature. Floury maize from the Southwest formed a coherent group in the cluster analysis, which grouped withEntrelacadofrom the literature, confirming its identification and demonstrating that this race is conserved in Southwestern Amazonia. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/26837-0 - Population genomics and phenotypic characterization to elucidate aspects of the origin, domestication and dispersal of annatto (Bixa orellana) and maize (Zea mays) in the lowlands of South America
• Grantee: Elizabeth Ann Veasey
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants