Diversity analysis and an updated list of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) found in Cantareira State Park, SAo Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

Ceretti-Junior, Walter ^[1] ; Oliveira-Christe, Rafael ^[2] ; Wilk-da-Silva, Ramon ^[2] ; Mucci, Luis Filipe ^[3] ; Ribeiro de Castro Duarte, Ana Maria ^[3] ; Fernandes, Aristides ^[1] ; Barrio-Nuevo, Karolina Morales ^[1] ; Carvalho, Marcio Port ^[4] ; Marrelli, Mauro Toledo ^{[2, 1]} ; Medeiros-Sousa, Antonio Ralph ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Trop Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] State Hlth Secretariat, Superintendency Control Endem Dis, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] State Dept Infrastruct & Environm, Inst Forestry, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Acta Tropica; v. 212, DEC 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Cantareira State Park (CSP) is located in the Metropolitan Region of SAo Paulo, one of the most densely populated areas on the planet. Recently, a yellow-fever epidemic practically annihilated the howler monkey population in this park, and human infections were reported in the vicinity. As simian and human plasmodia also circulate in CSP, the present study sought to provide an update on the mosquito fauna in this park, including an analysis of the diversity in areas with different degrees of conservation and a comparison of the yields achieved with different collection techniques. From October 2015 to April 2017, adult mosquitoes were collected with CDC traps, hand-held battery-powered aspirators and Shannon traps, and larvae and pupae were collected with larval dippers and suction samplers in natural and artificial breeding sites. In total, 11,038 specimens distributed in 103 taxa represented by 16 genera were collected. Both the observed species richness and diversity were greater in the environments with the highest degree of preservation. The `wild' (most preserved) area in CSP had the greatest species richness, followed by the transition area and human-impacted area. The estimated richness indicated that the three environments may have a greater number of species than observed in this study, and Sorensen's index showed that the average degree of similarity varies little between areas. In the inventory of local species, the Shannon trap was the most efficient collection technique for adult mosquitoes, and the suction sampler the most efficient for immatures. The results highlight the increase in the number of different taxa collected as different mosquito capture techniques were included, confirming the importance of using several strategies to sample the local mosquito fauna satisfactorily when exploring a greater number of ecotopes. CSP is a refuge and shelter for native and introduced mosquito species where new biocenoses including pathogens, vertebrate hosts and vectors can form, allowing zoonotic outbreaks in the local human population to occur. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/10919-4 - Epidemiologic aspects of human and simian malaria in areas of Atlantic Forest in the vicinity of the City of São Paulo: study the Anopheles fauna and natural infection by Plasmodium sp. in Parelheiros and Serra da Cantareira
• Grantee: Ana Maria Ribeiro de Castro Duarte
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/50444-5 - Biodiversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Parque Estadual da Cantareira, and in the Environmental Protection Area Capivari-Monos, State of São Paulo
• Grantee: Mauro Toledo Marrelli
• Support type: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Regular Research Grants