Prevention of non-cavitated lesions with fluoride and xylitol varnishes during orthodontic treatment: a randomized clinical trial

Author(s)

Silva, Vinicius Merino ^[1] ; Massaro, Camila ^[1] ; Buzalaf, Marilia Afonso Rabelo ^[2] ; Janson, Guilherme ^[1] ; Garib, Daniela ^{[3, 4]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Dept Orthodont, Alameda Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Dept Biochem, Alameda Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Alameda Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Hosp Rehabil Craniofacial Anomalies, Alameda Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS; v. 25, n. 6, p. 3421-3430, JUN 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objective Fixed orthodontic appliances impair oral hygiene increasing the risk of non-cavitated lesions (NCLs) and tooth decay. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of fluoride and xylitol varnishes in preventing NCLs during comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods The sample comprised 55 volunteers from 15 to 20 years of age under orthodontic treatment that were randomly divided into three groups: Fluoride Group (FG; n=17), Xylitol Group (XG; n=19), and Placebo Group (PG; n=19). The patients in each group received two applications of the following varnishes: Duraphat(TM) (5% NaF), 20% xylitol, and placebo (no F/Xylitol) in the three groups, respectively. The varnishes were applied in the first appointment (T0) and 3 months later (T1). Clinical examinations were carried out at T0 and 6 months after (T2) using the ICDAS index and the QLF system (fluorescence difference). The intergroup comparisons were performed by ANOVA/Tukey's or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's tests (P<0.05). Results There was no significant intergroup difference regarding ICDAS index changes from T0 to T2. Fluoride varnish produced significantly greater increase in fluorescence of NCLs (mean change of -0.65 +0.78 and -0.56 +0.83, for maxilla and mandible, respectively) in comparison to the other groups. The majority of non-cavitated lesions improved in the fluoride and xylitol varnish groups. Conclusions Fluoride varnish produced significantly greater increase in enamel fluorescence compared to xylitol and placebo varnishes. In short term, both fluoride and xylitol varnishes produced remineralization of NCLs in orthodontic patients. Clinical trial registration ReBEC Identifier: RBR-6mdxfq; Date of Register: March 19th, 2020. Retrospectively Registered (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/19761-0 - Prevention of white spot in orthodontics: comparison of the effetivety between fluoride and xilitol varnishes
• Grantee: Vinicius Augustus Merino da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation