Heterocyclic compounds as antiviral drugs: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and traditional applications

Author(s)

dos Santos, Giovanny Carvalho ^[1] ; Martins, Lucas Michelao ^[2] ; Bregadiolli, Bruna Andressa ^[2] ; Moreno, Vitor Fernandes ^[1] ; da Silva-Filho, Luiz Carlos ^[1] ; Sacoman Torquato da Silva, Bruno Henrique ^[3]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Chem, Araraquara, SP - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Uberlandia UFU, Inst Chem, BR-38408144 Uberlandia, MG - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry; v. 58, n. 12 AUG 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

A virus outbreak challenges the economic, medical, and public health infrastructure worldwide. More than one virus capable of triggering diseases have been identified per year since 1972, which requires the development of new ways of treatment and prevention, however, such processes are not rapid and easy. With the pandemic scenario experienced since early 2020, several drugs with well-known purposes have gained prominence, due to speculation of their use in the treatment against the new coronavirus. Among the main drugs studied, the vast majority contain a heterocyclic structure. In this review, we presented the traditional and efficient synthesis of 15 drugs that have been studied for the COVID-19 treatment, containing in their structure heterocycles like indole, quinoline, pyrimidone, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, triazole, pyridazine, pyrazole, pyrrolopyrimidine, azetidine, pyrrolotriazine, pyrazine, tetrahydropyran, benzofuran, spiroketal, and thiazole. Furthermore, we have shown the original applications, as well as their structure-activity relationship and what is their situation as a drug candidate against COVID-19. Thus, the objective was to consolidate the main synthetic and pharmacological aspects involving clinically developed heterocycles that at some point were presented as promising against SARS-CoV-2. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/14506-7 - Study about the one-pot synthesis and application as organic dyes of quinolone and anthrazoline derivatives
• Grantee: Luiz Carlos da Silva Filho
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/09235-4 - Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide modified with quinoline derivatives for solar cell applications.
• Grantee: Lucas Michelão Martins
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 17/07627-0 - Synthesis of conjugated reduced graphene oxide-polythiophene derivatives for application as HTM in perovskite solar cells
• Grantee: Bruna Andressa Bregadiolli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral