beta-glucan mimics tissue damage signaling and generates a trade-off between head kidney and spleen to activate acquired immunity in vaccinated tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Author(s)

dos Reis, Ingrid Camargo ^[1] ; Fierro-Castro, Camino ^[2] ; Gonsalves, Giovanni Sampaio ^[3] ; Moromizato, Basia Schlichting ^[1] ; Tort, Lluis ^[4] ; Biller, Jaqueline Dalbello ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] UNESP, Dept Prod Anim, Fac Ciencias Agr & Tecnol, Campus Dracena, Rod Cmte Joao Ribeiro Barros, BR-17900000 Dracena, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Leon, Fac CC Biol & Ambientales, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Campus Vegazana, Leon - Spain

^[3] SAA APTA Inst Pesca, Ctr Avancado Pesquisa Tecnol Agronegocio Pescado, BR-15025970 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Biol Celular Fisiol & Inmunol, Fac Biociences, Bellaterra - Spain

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY; v. 117, p. 179-187, OCT 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The association of vaccines with immunostimulants such as beta-glucan, promote the production of cytokines, competent immune cells and antibodies. However, differences between beta-glucan types and trials make it difficult to understand beta-glucan's mechanism of action. In this study, three trials were carried out with control and fish fed beta-glucan, the first trial occurred at 15 days; the second trial occurred at 30 days when we associated beta-glucan and vaccine; and the third trial occurred at 15 days post-challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia (O. niloticus) in order to investigate immune-related gene expression in the head kidney and spleen using realtime qPCR. We found increases in HSP70, IL-6, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, Lys and C3 predominantly in the head kidney, except for IgM expression, which prevailed in the spleen, under vaccinated + beta-glucan action. This demonstrates the trade-off presented by the head kidney and spleen after immunostimulation in order to produce acquired immunity, as well as an increase in HSP70 expression in vaccinated + beta-glucan fish. The results suggest that beta-glucan stimulates the immune response through damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) recognition. Therefore, these dynamics of the immune response promote a more robust defense against disease. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/22016-3 - Study of the immunostimulating potential of b-glucan and its mode of action aiming at new administration protocols in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
• Grantee: Jaqueline Dalbello Biller Takahashi
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants