Prefrontal Cortical Activity During Preferred and Fast Walking in Young and Older Adults: An fNIRS Study

Author(s)

de Belli, Vinicius ^[1] ; Orcioli-Silva, Diego ^{[1, 2]} ; Beretta, Victor Spiandor ^{[1, 2]} ; Vitorio, Rodrigo ^{[3, 1, 2]} ; Zampier, Vinicius Cavassano ^{[1, 2]} ; Nobrega-Sousa, Priscila ^{[1, 2]} ; da Conceic, Nubia Ribeiro ^{[1, 2]} ; Gobbi, Lilian Teresa Bucken ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Inst Biosci, Posture & Gait Studies Lab LEPLO, Ave 24-A, 1515, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Grad Program Movement Sci, Rio Claro - Brazil

^[3] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Neuroscience; v. 473, p. 81-89, OCT 1 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

changes may affect the performance during fast walking speed. Although, several studies have been focused on the contribution of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during challenging walking tasks, the neural mechanism underling fast walking speed in older people remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aging on PFC activity during overground walking at preferred and fast speeds. Twenty-five older adults (67.37 +/- 5.31 years) and 24 young adults (22.70 +/- 1.30 years) walked overground in two conditions: preferred speed and fast walking speed. Five trials were performed for each condition. A wire -less functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system measured PFC activity. Gait parameters were evaluated using the GAITRite system. Overall, older adults presented higher PFC activity than young adults in both condi-tions. Speed-related change in PFC activity was observed for older adults, but not for young adults. Older adults significantly increased activity in the left PFC from the preferred to fast walking condition whereas young adults had similar levels of PFC activity across conditions. Our findings suggest that older adults need to recruit addi-tional prefrontal cognitive resources to control walking, indicating a compensatory mechanism. In addition, left PFC seems to be involved in the modulation of gait speed in older adults. (c) 2021 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/21499-1 - Brain cortical activity during human locomotion: Influence of aging, Parkinson's disease and acute physical exercise
• Grantee: Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/23476-1 - Pre-frontal cortex activity in gait modulation in the older people
• Grantee: Vinicius de Belli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation