Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by a chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 composite generated by femtosecond laser irradiation

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Pereira, Paula Fabiana Santos ; Silva, Ana Carolina Alves de Paula e ; da Silva Pimentel, Bruna Natalia Alves ; Pinatti, Ivo Mateus ; Simoes, Alexandre Zirpoli ; Vergani, Carlos Eduardo ; Barreto-Vieira, Debora Ferreira ; da Silva, Marcos Alexandre Nunes ; Miranda, Milene Dias ; Monteiro, Maria Eduarda Santos ; Tucci, Amanda ; Donate-Buendia, Carlos ; Minguez-Vega, Gladys ; Andres, Juan ; Longo, Elson

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 12, n. 1, p. 18-pg., 2022-05-17.

Abstract

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, the next generation of innovative materials with enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity is urgently needed to prevent the spread of this virus within the community. Herein, we report the synthesis of chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 composites synthetized by femtosecond laser irradiation. The antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Methicilin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and Candida albicans was determined by estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). To assess the biocompatibility of chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 composites in a range involving MIC and MBC/MFC on keratinocytes cells (NOK-si), an alamarBlue (TM) assay and an MTT assay were carried out. The SARS-CoV-2 virucidal effects was analyzed in Vero E6 cells through viral titer quantified in cell culture supernatant by PFU/mL assay. Our results showed a very similar antimicrobial activity of chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 3.3 and 6.6, with the last one demonstrating a slightly better action against MSSA. The chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 9.9 showed a wide range of antimicrobial activity (0.49-31.25 mu g/mL). The cytotoxicity outcomes by alamarBlue (TM) revealed that the concentrations of interest (MIC and MBC/MFC) were considered non-cytotoxic to all composites after 72 h of exposure. The Chitosan/alpha-Ag2WO4 (CS6.6/alpha-Ag2WO4) composite reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral titer quantification up to 80% of the controls. Then, our results suggest that these composites are highly efficient materials to kill bacteria (Escherichia coli, Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and the yeast strain Candida albicans), in addition to inactivating SARS-CoV-2 by contact, through ROS production. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/25944-8 - Femtosecond and nanosecond laser irradiation of Ag2SeO4 and Ag2SeO3 compounds and its theoretical study
• Grantee: Ivo Mateus Pinatti
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor
• FAPESP's process: 14/14171-4 - Investigation of the crystalline structure and photoluminescence, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of the nanocrystals (Ag2-2xZnX)WO4 with (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) incorporated in chitosan
• Grantee: Paula Fabiana dos Santos Pereira Lima
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/03722-3 - Evaluation of the Theoretical, Structural and Morphological Properties of Selenium and Silver Nanomaterials for Photoluminescent and Biological Application
• Grantee: Ivo Mateus Pinatti
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 17/13008-0 - Metallic nanoparticles-modified by in Situ real-time TEM and Femtosecond pulsed laser and incorporated into Chitosan
• Grantee: Paula Fabiana dos Santos Pereira Lima
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor
• FAPESP's process: 13/07296-2 - CDMF - Center for the Development of Functional Materials
• Grantee: Elson Longo da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 18/16578-5 - CDMF - Center for the Development of Functional Materials
• Grantee: Ana Carolina Alves de Paula e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 18/01677-8 - Biocompatibility of ±-Ag2WO4, ²-Ag2MoO4 and ±-AgVO3 microcrystals: evaluation of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases
• Grantee: Bruna Natalia Alves da Silva Pimentel
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate