Potential Protein Blood-based Biomarkers in Different Types of Dementia: A Therapeutic Overview

Author(s)

Manzine, Patricia R. ; Vatanabe, Izabela P. ; Grigoli, Marina M. ; Pedroso, Renata, V ; Monteiro, Maria Patricia A. O. ; Oliveira, Danielle S. M. S. ; Nascimento, Carla M. C. ; Peron, Rafaela ; Orlandi, Fabiana S. ; Cominetti, Marcia R.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN; v. 28, n. 14, p. 17-pg., 2022-01-01.

Abstract

Biomarkers capable of identifying and distinguishing types of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), have become increasingly relentless. Studies on possible biomarker proteins in the blood that can help formulate new diagnostic proposals and therapeutic visions of different types of dementia are needed. However, due to several limitations of these biomarkers, especially in discerning dementia, their clinical applications are still undetermined. Thus, updating biomarker blood proteins that can help in the diagnosis and discrimination of these main dementia conditions is essential to enable new pharmacological and clinical management strategies with specificities for each type of dementia. This paper aimed to review the literature concerning protein blood-based AD and non-AD biomarkers as new pharmacological targets and/or therapeutic strategies. Recent findings related to protein-based AD, PDD, LBD, and FTD biomarkers are focused on in this review. Protein biomarkers are classified according to the pathophysiology of the dementia types. The diagnosis and distinction of dementia through protein biomarkers is still a challenge. The lack of exclusive biomarkers for each type of dementia highlights the need for further studies in this field. Only after this, blood biomarkers may have a valid use in clinical practice as they are promising to help in the diagnosis and in the differentiation of diseases. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/26709-2 - ADAM10 secretase levels and activity in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease
• Grantee: Danielle dos Santos Maia Salheb de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 19/26444-9 - Evaluation of ADAM10 activity in different cellular fractions
• Grantee: Maria Patrícia Oliveira Monteiro e Pereira de Almeida
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 14/21066-2 - Gene expression of inflammatory cytokine and of microRNA as potential biomarkers of frailty in elderly inserted in a social vulnerability context.
• Grantee: Carla Manuela Crispim Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 21/01906-0 - Expression and activity of ADAM10 and levels of insulinic route proteins in neuroblastoma cells under hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions
• Grantee: Marina Mantellatto Grigoli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 16/06226-9 - ADAM10 as a cognitive frailty biomarker
• Grantee: Izabela Pereira Vatanabe
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 19/02648-4 - Role of the insulin signaling pathway proteins and their relation with the secretase ADAM10 in Alzheimer's Disease
• Grantee: Márcia Regina Cominetti
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/18808-5 - Influence of APOE genotype and neurotrophic factors on event related potentials (ERP-P300) of elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and healthy elderly
• Grantee: Renata Valle Pedroso
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 20/12915-7 - COVID-19 and mental health: cultural adaptation and validation of instruments for the Brazilian context
• Grantee: Fabiana de Souza Orlandi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/05446-0 - Inactive plasmatic ADAM10 levels in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
• Grantee: Marina Mantellatto Grigoli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation