Short-End Injection Capillary Electrophoresis and Multivariate Analysis for Simultaneous Determination of Heavy Metals in Passiflora incarnata Tea

Author(s)

Klassen, Aline ; Fernandes, Rafael Ferreira ; de Oliveira, Debora Cristina ; do Nascimento, Maria Patricia ; Borges, Marcella Matos Cordeiro ; de Oliveira, Marcone Augusto Leal ; Calixto, Leandro Augusto ; Borges, Keyller Bastos

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH; v. 19, n. 23, p. 10-pg., 2022-12-01.

Abstract

An ultra-fast method for the simultaneous determination of heavy metals in Passiflora incarnata tea by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using a short-end injection combined with multivariate analysis was proposed. Separation was conducted by hydrodynamic injection (5 s at 0.5 psi) using the short-end injection procedure in a fused uncoated silica capillary (50 cm total length, 10.2 cm effective length, 50 mu m i.d.) with separation time less than 2 min. An indirect UV detection at 214 nm was employed by using imidazole as a chromophore. The buffer used was 6 mmol/L hydroxybutyric acid (HIBA). The optimum conditions by full factorial with a central point were achieved by 18-crown-6 concentration (23.3 mmol L-1), voltage (+11.4 kV), methanol concentration (3.8%), and temperature (20 degrees C). The method showed good linearity (R-2 > 0.998) for both Cd and Pb, inter-day precision of less than 14.49%, and an adequate limit of quantification only for Cd (LOQ < 0.5 mu g mL(-1) for Cd) based on the US Pharmacopeial Convention limit requirements for elemental impurities. After method validation, the method was applied to Passiflora incarnata tea samples from a local market. Furthermore, the developed method showed great potential for the determination of metals in other samples with proper sample preparation procedures. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/25256-6 - Determination of heavy metals in traditional herbal medicines by alternative analytical techniques employing green chemistry principles
• Grantee: Leandro Augusto Calixto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants