The early impact of diets enriched with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on intestinal inflammation and tight junctions

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Rodrigues, Patricia Brito ; Datilo, Marcella Neves ; Sant'Ana, Marcella Ramos ; Nogueira, Guilherme Augusto da Silva ; Marin, Rodrigo Miguel ; Nakandakari, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos ; de Moura, Leandro Pereira ; Silva, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da ; Ropelle, Eduardo Rochete ; Pauli, Jose Rodrigo ; Cintra, Dennys Esper

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY; v. 119, p. 12-pg., 2023-09-01.

Abstract

The gut has been suggested as the first organ to be affected by unbalanced diets contributing to the obesogenic process. This study aimed to test a short time-course exposition model to a known pro-or anti-inflammatory enriched fatty diet to understand the early gut alterations. Male mice were exposed to the chow diet (CT), high-fat (HF) diet, or a high-fat diet partially replaced on flaxseed oil (FS), rich in omega-3 (& omega;3), for 14 days. HF and FS increased the total body weight mass compared with the CT group, but FS reduced the epididymal fat depot compared to HF. The bioinformatics from mice and human databases showed the Zo1-Ocln-Cldn7 tight junctions as the main protein-triad. In the ileum, the HF diet has increased IL1 & beta; transcript and IL1 & beta;, TNF & alpha;, and CD11b proteins, but reduced the tight junctions (Zo1, Ocln, and Cld7) compared to the CT group. Despite the FS diet being partially efficient in protecting the ileum against inflammation, the tight junctions were increased, compared to the HF group. The GPR120 and GPR40 receptors were unaffected by diets, but GPR120 was colocalized on the surface of ileum macrophages. The short period of a high-fat diet was enough to start the obesogenic process, ileum inflammation, and reduce the tight junctions. Flaxseed oil did not protect efficiently against dysmetabolism. Still, it increased the tight junctions, even without alteration on inflammatory parameters, suggesting the protection against gut permeability during early obesity development.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/07129-6 - W3 and W9 fatty acids as inflammatory pathway blockers through GPR120 receptor: a multi-organic approach
• Grantee: Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/13168-3 - The influence of GPR120 in the immune system
• Grantee: Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 19/13210-0 - Evaluation of the omega-3's molecular mechanism of action in the early-onset of Alzheimer Disease associated to obesity and type 2 Diabetes in mice: the role GPR120
• Grantee: Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants