Bioactive glass- ceramic for bone tissue engineering: an in vitro and in vivo study focusing on osteoclasts

Author(s)

Bighetti-Trevisan, Rayana Longo ; Portilho Souza, Alann Thaffarell ; Tosin, Ingrid Wezel ; Bueno, Natalia Pieretti ; Crovace, Murilo Camuri ; Beloti, Marcio Mateus ; Rosa, Adalberto Luiz ; Ferraz, Emanuela Prado

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: BRAZILIAN ORAL RESEARCH; v. 36, p. 14-pg., 2022-01-01.

Abstract

Despite the crucial role of osteoclasts in the physiological process of bone repair, most bone tissue engineering strategies have focused on osteoblast-biomaterial interactions. Although Biosilicate (R) with two crystalline phases (BioS-2P) exhibits osteogenic properties and significant bone formation, its effects on osteoclasts are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of BioS-2P on osteoclast differentiation and activity. RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in osteoclastogenic medium (OCM) or OCM conditioned with BioS-2P (OCM-BioS-2P), and the cell morphology, viability, and osteoclast differentiation were evaluated. BioS-2P scaffolds were implanted into rat calvarial defects, and the bone tissue was evaluated using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after 2 and 4 weeks to determine the gene expressions of osteoclast markers and compare them with those of the bone grown in empty defects (Control). OCM-BioS-2P favored osteoclast viability and activity, as evidenced by an increase in the TRAP-positive cells and matrix resorption. The bone tissue grown on BioS-2P scaffolds exhibited higher expression of the osteoclast marker genes (Ctsk, Mmp 9, Rank) after 2 and 4 weeks and the RankL/Opg ratio after 2 weeks. Trap gene expression was lower at 2 weeks, and a higher number of TRAP-stained areas were observed in the newly formed bone on BioS-2P scaffolds at both 2 and 4 weeks compared to the Controls. These results enhanced our understanding of the role of bioactive glass-ceramics in bone repair, and highlighted their role in the modulation of osteoclastic activities and promotion of interactions between bone tissues and biomaterials. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/22528-5 - The effect of biosilicate with two crystalline phases (BioS-2P) on osteoclast differentiation and activity in vivo
• Grantee: Ingrid Wenzel Tosin
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation