Polyphenols-rich fruit in maternal diet modulates inflammatory markers and the gut microbiota and improves colonic expression of ZO-1 in offspring

Author(s)

Morais, Carina Almeida ; Oyama, Lila Missae ; Conrado, Ricardo de Moura ; de Rosso, Veridiana Vera ; do Nascimento, Claudia Oller ; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Food Research International; v. 77, p. 8-pg., 2015-11-01.

Abstract

The increase in maternal trans fatty acid (TFAs) consumption during pregnancy and/or lactation leads to a proinflammatory state in the offspring. In contrast, polyphenol-rich fruit are promising modulators of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to verify whether supplementation of the maternal diet with jussara pulp changes the pro-inflammatory state in offspring exposed to TFAs during the intrauterine and lactation periods. Wistar rats were assigned to one of four groups and fed a control diet (C), the C diet with 0.5% jussara supplementation (CJ), a diet enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fats rich in TFAs (T) or the T diet supplemented with 0.5% jussara (TJ). The diets were maintained during pregnancy and lactation. Our data demonstrated that maternal intake of TFAs resulted in increased IL-6 protein expression in the retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RET), MyD88 in the liver and a reduction in Bifidobacterium spp. in the colon of 21-day-old offspring. However, jussara supplementation (TJ group) restored the fecal content of Bifidobactetium spp., increased colonic ZO-1 mRNA expression and reduced NF kappa B pathway activation by decreasing MyD88, NFkB p65 phosphorylated (p-NF kappa B p65) subunit and TNF alpha receptor I (TNFR1) in the liver. These effects reduced IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression in the liver and IL-6 and TNF alpha mRNA expression in the RET. Additionally, jussara supplementation of the maternal diet increased the IL-10 profile in the RET and the IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio in the offspring's liver relative to the T group. The 0.5% jussara supplementation prevented the adverse effects of TFAs reducing low-grade inflammation via down-regulation of the NFU signaling pathway. These effects are possibly associated with the better intestinal barrier integrity in the colon of 21-day-old offspring mediated by the gut microbiota. Thus, maternal diet supplementation could contribute to reduce chronic disease development in later life. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/25101-4 - Effect of fruit palm juçara extract (Euterpe edulis Mart.) during pregnancy and lactation on inflammatory markers and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) of the 21 days offspring
• Grantee: Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants