| Grant number: | 17/18199-9 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | February 01, 2019 |
| End date: | January 31, 2021 |
| Field of knowledge: | Biological Sciences - Immunology |
| Principal Investigator: | Maria Notomi Sato |
| Grantee: | Maria Notomi Sato |
| Host Institution: | Faculdade de Medicina (FM). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil |
| City of the host institution: | São Paulo |
Abstract
Vitamin A through its active metabolite retinoic acid is able to modulate the immune response and maintain mucosal homeostasis, especially in immunological sites such as the GutAssociated Lymphoid Tissue. The neonatal period is characterized by relative immunological immaturity and increased susceptibility to infections. In addition, the neonate is born with low concentrations of vitamin A and the neonate receives the vitamin through breastfeeding. Thus, we propose to evaluate the effect of maternal supplementation with retinoic acid during the breastfeeding period on the immune response and on the mucosa and microbiota intestinal of the offspring mice. To this, we will evaluate the presence of T cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes with migratory potential for the intestine, and the presence of regulatory and effector T cells and innate lymphoid cells in the small intestine of the offspring. The profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, serum and fecal IgA antibodies and intestinal microbiota composition of the offspring will also be evaluated. In addition, the effect of maternal supplementation will be assessed in the intestinal inflammatory response by dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. The milk of retinoic acidsupplemented mothers will be evaluated for the presence of IgA and IgG antibodies and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, for a better understanding of the impact of maternal supplementation with retinoic acid in this compartment. Using a system that the neonates will be transferred to nursed by another mother, the migration of maternal milk cells to mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches from offspring and the effector or regulatory functional capacity of these cells will be evaluated. Assessment of the effect of maternal and retinoic acid supplementation during breastfeeding will provide an understanding of the benefits and/or harms of a diet rich in this compound in the development of the offspring immune system and have a potential implication in human health. Keywords: maternal-fetal interaction, retinoic acid, maternal milk, intestinal mucosa, intestinal microbiota, colitis and neonatal immunity. (AU)
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