Probing Polaritons in 2D Materials with Synchrotron Infrared Nanospectroscopy

Author(s)

Barcelos, Ingrid D. ; Bechtel, Hans A. ; de Matos, Christiano J. S. ; Bahamon, Dario A. ; Kaestner, Bernd ; Maia, Francisco C. B. ; Freitas, Raul O.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS; v. 8, n. 5, p. 16-pg., 2019-12-09.

Abstract

Polaritons, which are quasiparticles composed of a photon coupled to an electric or magnetic dipole, are a major focus in nanophotonic research of van der Waals (vdW) crystals and their derived 2D materials. For the variety of existing vdW materials, polaritons can be active in a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum (meVs to eVs) and exhibit momenta much higher than the corresponding free-space radiation. Hence, the use of high momentum broadband sources or probes is imperative to excite those quasiparticles and measure the frequency-momentum dispersion relations, which provide insights into polariton dynamics. Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy (SINS) is a technique that combines the nanoscale spatial resolution of scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy with ultrabroadband synchrotron infrared radiation, making it highly suitable to probe and characterize a variety of vdW polaritons. Here, the advances enabled by SINS on the study of key photonic attributes of far- and mid-infrared plasmon- and phonon-polaritons in vdW and 2D crystals are reviewed. In that context the SINS technique is comprehensively described and it is demonstrated how fundamental polaritonic properties are retrieved for a range of atomically thin systems including hBN, MoS2, graphene and 2D heterostructures. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/50259-8 - Graphene: photonics and opto-electronics: UPM-NUS collaboration
• Grantee: Antonio Helio de Castro Neto
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - SPEC Program
• FAPESP's process: 18/07276-5 - Mid- and far-infrared plasmonic biosensing with graphene
• Grantee: Christiano José Santiago de Matos
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/11779-4 - Plasmonic and nonlinear effects in graphene coupled to optical waveguides
• Grantee: Christiano José Santiago de Matos
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants