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(Reference retrieved automatically from SciELO through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Cadmium phytoavailability in soils and evaluation of extractant effectiveness using an isotope technique

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Author(s):
Fernando Guerra [1] ; Anderson Ricardo Trevizam [2] ; Rafael Carvalho Fior [3] ; Takashi Muraoka [4]
Total Authors: 4
Affiliation:
[1] University of São Paulo. CENA. Lab. of Soil Fertility - Brasil
[2] Midwest State University. Dept. of Agronomy - Brasil
[3] University of São Paulo. CENA. Lab. of Soil Fertility - Brasil
[4] University of São Paulo. CENA. Lab. of Soil Fertility - Brasil
Total Affiliations: 4
Document type: Journal article
Source: Scientia Agricola; v. 71, n. 5, p. 410-415, 2014-10-00.
Abstract

Large areas of land are nowadays contaminated by heavy metals and, it is therefore, important to monitor their levels in soils. Vegetables act as transfer mechanisms of such contaminants from soils to higher levels in the food chain. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical extractants by the L-value method for Cd phytoavailability using the 109Cd radionuclide. In a greenhouse experiment, rocket plants (Eruca sativa L.) were cultivated in pots with samples from Typic Hapludox and Typic Quartzipsamment soils. Cadmium concentrations ranging from 0 to 16 mg kg-1 were added to a 200 mL solution containing 148 kBq 109Cd. The available Cd in the soil was extracted by DTPA, Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, and a mixture of organic acids (acetic, citric, lactic, and oxalic acids). Cd concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and 109Cd radionuclide activity was measured by low-level β-counting. The dry matter yield was not influenced by Cd rates, but the Cd content and accumulation in shoots had a positive linear correlation. Generally, Cd was extracted in higher quantities by Mehlich-1 followed by DTPA, Mehlich-3, and organic acids. A linear correlation was found between the chemical extractants and Cd accumulation in shoots for both soils. According to the L Ratio, the extractants based on strong acids and chelating agents presented low efficiency regarding Cd phytoavailability. The organic acids, which presented values close to the L-value, may provide a promising method for evaluating environmental contaminants. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 09/03777-0 - Cadmium in food chain: derived from vegetables and evaluation of its availability in soil with the aid of 109Cd.
Grantee:Fernando Guerra
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master