Protein-energetic malnutrition hinders malaria vaccine-derived cellular and class-switched antibody responses against the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein in mice

Author(s)

Faria, Ana C. M. ; Fock, Ricardo A. ; Soares, Irene S. ; Silveira, Eduardo L. V.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition; v. N/A, p. 4-pg., 2024-11-20.

Abstract

Malaria continues to afflict hundreds of millions of lives annually, causing substantial fatalities despite available vaccines endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, these vaccines lack efficacy against Plasmodium vivax (Pv). Concomitantly, a considerable part of residents from several Pv-endemic areas face malnutrition, compromising their immunity to diseases, including malaria. Since our group developed an immunogenic yeast-expressing recombinant Pv circumsporozoite protein (yPvCSP-AllCTepitopes) capable of protecting mice against lethal transgenic parasites, we investigated the influence of malnutrition on vaccine-derived responses in C57Bl/6 mice. Animals subjected to a protein-restricted diet presented protein-energetic malnutrition, diminished vaccine-specific IgG-secreting cells in the bone marrow, and reduced IgG and IgG1 serum titers compared to mice under a control diet. IgM titers remained consistent across groups, suggesting that the nutrition status may influence the antibody affinity maturation. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of proper nutrition in enhancing vaccination immunity against Pv malaria. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/25373-0 - Influence of the proteic-energetic malnutrution in the humoral e cellular immune responses elicited by a malaria vaccine in C57Bl/6 mice
• Grantee: Ana Carolina Machado de Faria
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 17/11931-6 - Identification of B cell protective antigens/epitopes against asexual and sexual blood forms of Plasmodium parasites through monoclonal antibodies
• Grantee: Eduardo Lani Volpe da Silveira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 21/08658-1 - Influence of protein malnutrition in the elderly on the immunomodulatory aspects of mesenchymal stromal cells and their action in the regulation of hematopoiesis
• Grantee: Ricardo Ambrósio Fock
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/13032-5 - Generation and analysis of the immunogenicity of recombinant proteins based on the different allelic forms of the circumsporozoite antigen of Plasmodium vivax aiming at the development of a universal vaccine against malaria
• Grantee: Irene da Silva Soares
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants