Spectrophotometric determination of bisphenol A in beverages using multi-dispersion calibration

Author(s)

Maringolo, Vivian ; Carvalho, Alexandre Z. ; Homem-de-Mello, Paula ; Zanotto, Mateus ; Martins, Fernanda C. O. L. ; Melchert, Wanessa R. ; Rocha, Diogo L.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FOOD CONTROL; v. 168, p. 9-pg., 2024-09-11.

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that may be present in plastics and coatings of food and beverage packages. In this regard, the World Health Organization recommends the maximum migration of BPA to foodstuffs as < 0.6 mg kg(- 1). Analytical BPA determination procedures have been based on chromatographic techniques, which generate waste with organic solvents. Alternatively, proposed spectrophotometric procedures have often shown high detection limits for foodstuffs analysis, requiring pre-concentration prior to determination. The analysis of beverages is susceptible to interferences because of their complex formulation comprising dyes and sugars, for example, that hinder spectrophotometric determinations. Multi-signal calibrations are powerful tools used to minimize matrix effects, and recently, they have proven efficient when performed in flow analysis systems, denominated as multi-dispersion calibration (MDC). This work proposes a multi-pumping flow system for the spectrophotometric determination of BPA based on the reaction with sulfanilamide (used for the first time) after diazotization to yield a compound with an absorption maximum at 446 nm. After the optimization of the main parameters, a linear response was observed between 0.25 and 10 mg L- 1. The detection limit (by external calibration), coefficient of variation (n = 20), and determination rate were estimated at 0.11 mg L- 1, 4.0 %, and 33 h(- 1), respectively. The MDC was exploited to analyze beverage samples to minimize interferences, especially due to dyes and sucrose. The detection limit estimated for this method was 0.057 mg L- 1. Recoveries from 84 to 114 % and the agreement of comparative analysis of the samples with the reference procedure (at the 95% confidence level) demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed procedure. Therefore, the developed alternative is reliable with proper sensitivity and minimum sample preparation for the spectrophotometric determination of BPA in beverages. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 22/13192-4 - Photosensitizer design: Environmental effect on excited state properties and triplet state lifetime.
• Grantee: Mateus Martins Zanotto de Toledo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/05559-0 - Evaluation of microdecomposition and microextraction strategies for quality control of fuels
• Grantee: Diogo Librandi da Rocha
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants