Multiplatform Metabolomics: Enhancing the Severity Risk Prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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Lima, Vinicius S. ; Morais, Sinara T. B. ; Ferreira, Vinicius G. ; Almeida, Mariana B. ; Silva, Manuel Pedro Barros ; de A. Lopes, Thais ; de Oliveira, Juliana M. ; Raimundo, Joyce R. S. ; Furtado, Danielle Z. S. ; Fonseca, Fernando L. A. ; Oliveira, Regina V. ; Cardoso, Daniel R. ; Carrilho, Emanuel ; Assuncao, Nilson A.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ACS OMEGA; v. 9, n. 46, p. 13-pg., 2024-11-06.

Abstract

Concerns about the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (COVID-19) continue to persist even years later, with the emergence of new variants and the risk of disease severity. Common clinical symptoms, like cough, fever, and respiratory symptoms, characterize the noncritical patients, classifying them from mild to moderate. In a more severe and complex scenario, the virus infection can affect vital organs, resulting, for instance, in pneumonia and impaired kidney and heart function. However, it is well-known that subclinical symptoms at a metabolic level can be observed previously but require a proper diagnosis because viral replication on the host leaves a track with a different profile depending on the severity of the illness. Metabolomic profiles of mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 patients were obtained by multiple platforms (LC-HRMS and MALDI-MS), increasing the chance to elucidate a prognosis for severity risk. A strong link was discovered between phenylalanine metabolism and increased COVID-19 severity symptoms, a pathway linked to cardiac and neurological consequences. Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipid metabolisms were also dysregulated linearly with the increasing symptom severity, which can be related to virus proliferation, immune system avoidance, and apoptosis escaping. Our data, endorsed by other literature, strengthens the notion that these pathways might play a vital role in a patient's prognosis. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/50867-3 - INCT 2014: National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis
• Grantee: Marco Aurelio Zezzi Arruda
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/05965-8 - Metabolomic strategies based on LC-HRMS for investigation of potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis - Phase I
• Grantee: Regina Vincenzi Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/01189-0 - Novel aging: technologies and solutions to manufacture novel dairy products for healthy aging
• Grantee: Daniel Rodrigues Cardoso
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/15040-4 - Omic-based strategies for the investigation of biomarkers for early diagnosis of patients with progressive biliary diseases
• Grantee: Juliana Magalhães de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 16/22215-7 - Impact of inspiratory muscle training and aging on metabolic mapping, autonomic modulation, and cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses, and prediction of cardiorespiratory health through wearables
• Grantee: Aparecida Maria Catai
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants