Resource availability and disturbance frequency shape evolution of plant life forms in Neotropical habitats

Author(s)

Prochazka, Luana S. ; Alcantara, Suzana ; Rando, Juliana Gastaldello ; Vasconcelos, Thais ; Pizzardo, Raquel C. ; Nogueira, Anselmo

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NEW PHYTOLOGIST; v. 242, n. 2, p. 14-pg., 2024-02-21.

Abstract

Organisms use diverse strategies to thrive in varying habitats. While life history theory partly explains these relationships, the combined impact of resource availability and disturbance frequency on life form strategy evolution has received limited attention. We use Chamaecrista species, a legume plant lineage with a high diversity of plant life forms in the Neotropics, and employ ecological niche modeling and comparative phylogenetic methods to examine the correlated evolution of plant life forms and environmental niches. Chamaephytes and phanerophytes have optima in environments characterized by moderate water and nutrient availability coupled with infrequent fire disturbances. By contrast, annual plants thrive in environments with scarce water and nutrients, alongside frequent fire disturbances. Similarly, geophyte species also show increased resistance to frequent fire disturbances, although they thrive in resource-rich environments. Our findings shed light on the evolution of plant strategies along environmental gradients, highlighting that annuals and geophytes respond differently to high incidences of fire disturbances, with one enduring it as seeds in a resource-limited habitat and the other relying on reserves and root resprouting systems in resource-abundant habitats. Furthermore, it deepens our understanding of how organisms evolve associated with their habitats, emphasizing a constraint posed by low-resource and high-disturbance environments. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/18627-6 - Combining risk assessment and evolutionary distinctiveness in the conservation of Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae (Fabaceae) from the Espinhaço Range
• Grantee: Raquel Cruz Pizzardo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 21/01573-0 - Macroevolution of multiple mutualisms in the genus Chamaecrista: synergisms and conflicts in Cerrado and rocky outcrops lineage
• Grantee: Luana de Souza Prochazka
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 19/19544-7 - Synergistic effect of multiple mutualists on plants: how bacteria, ants and bees contribute to the evolution of a hyper-diverse lineage of legumes
• Grantee: Anselmo Nogueira
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/02191-1 - Diversification and conservation of the Espinhaço Mountain Range flora: building up a mega-diverse flora through a mosaic of evolutionary histories
• Grantee: Thais Nogales da Costa Vasconcelos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral