Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile During Acute Phase of COVID-19 Infection and After Recovery: Evidence of a Sequel in LDL

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Lotfollahi, Zahra ; Neres, Luana dos S. ; Mathias, Andressa F. ; de Freitas, Maria C. P. ; Cartolano, Flavia de C. ; Varella, Ana C. ; Lotufo, Paulo A. ; Goulart, Alessandra C. ; Damasceno, Nagila R. T. ; de Andrade, Juliana B. ; Fock, Ricardo A. ; Figueiredo Neto, Antonio M.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Brazilian Journal of Physics; v. 55, n. 2, p. 12-pg., 2025-04-01.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the atherogenicity (quality) of LDL particles in patients with acute and recovered from COVID-19 infection. The participants were adults, aged 18 years or older of both sexes. Those with positive RT-PCR results at baseline were included in the Acute COVID-19 group (n = 33), and those with negative RT-PCR six months after acute infection, were included in the Recovered COVID-19 group (n = 30). The LDL quality was evaluated using three validated methods: Z-scan, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Lipoprint system. The Recovered COVID-19 group showed significantly higher numbers of large LDL particles (less atherogenic) than the Acute COVID-19 group (P < 0.05). We also found that COVID-19 infection was associated with the oxidative modification of LDL particles. D-dimer and CRP levels were correlated with Z-scan results and antioxidant-amount estimate. Moreover, we noticed that the infection left a sequel in LDL quality, even after six months of recovery. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring lipids during and after recovery from COVID-19 infection, and their potential deleterious effect on the LDL profile might correlate with the progression of atherosclerosis and poor clinical outcomes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/24531-3 - Structural and biophysics properties of native and modified lipoproteins
• Grantee: Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/50983-3 - INCT 2014: complex fluids
• Grantee: Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants