RNA Editing Signatures Powered by Artificial Intelligence: A New Frontier in Differentiating Schizophrenia, Bipolar, and Schizoaffective Disorders

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Checa-Robles, Francisco J. ; Salvetat, Nicolas ; Cayzac, Christopher ; Menhem, Mary ; Favier, Mathieu ; Vetter, Diana ; Ouna, Ilheme ; Nani, Joao V. ; Hayashi, Mirian A. F. ; Brietzke, Elisa ; Weissmann, Dinah

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES; v. 25, n. 23, p. 14-pg., 2024-12-01.

Abstract

Mental health disorders are devastating illnesses, often misdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical symptoms. Among these conditions, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder are particularly difficult to distinguish, as they share alternating positive and negative mood symptoms. Accurate and timely diagnosis of these diseases is crucial to ensure effective treatment and to tailor therapeutic management to each individual patient. In this context, it is essential to move beyond standard clinical assessment and employ innovative approaches to identify new biomarkers that can be reliably quantified. We previously identified a panel of RNA editing biomarkers capable of differentiating healthy controls from depressed patients and, among depressed patients, those with major depressive disorder and those with bipolar disorder. In this study, we integrated Adenosine-to-Inosine RNA editing blood biomarkers with clinical data through machine learning algorithms to establish specific signatures for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This groundbreaking study paves the way for the application of RNA editing in other psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It represents a first proof-of-concept and provides compelling evidence for the establishment of an RNA editing signature for the diagnosis of these psychiatric conditions. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/01107-7 - Study to optimize the use of crotamine as a theranostic in the therapy of human diseases: cancer, metabolic syndrome and renal dysfunction
• Grantee: Mirian Akemi Furuie Hayashi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/13112-8 - Study of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in mental disorders: clinical and animal models analysis
• Grantee: Mirian Akemi Furuie Hayashi
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 22/03297-3 - Exploring the molecular and cellular mechanism(s) underlying neurodevelopmental disorders: investigating the role(s) of Nuclear Distribution Element like-1 (Ndel1)
• Grantee: João Victor Silva Nani
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 19/09207-3 - Study of molecular and cellular mechanisms in mental disorders
• Grantee: João Victor Silva Nani
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 22/00527-8 - Enzymatic activity of oligopeptidases Ndel1 and/or ACE in plasma or blood serum of patients with Depression
• Grantee: Larissa Ribino Parra
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation