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Bright and Dark States of Light: The Quantum Origin of Classical Interference

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Author(s):
Villas-Boas, Celso J. ; Maximo, Carlos E. ; Paulino, Paulo J. ; Bachelard, Romain P. ; Rempe, Gerhard
Total Authors: 5
Document type: Journal article
Source: Physical Review Letters; v. 134, n. 13, p. 6-pg., 2025-04-04.
Abstract

Classical theory asserts that several electromagnetic waves cannot interact with matter if they interfere destructively to zero, whereas quantum mechanics predicts a nontrivial light-matter dynamics even when the average electric field vanishes. Here, we show that in quantum optics, classical interference emerges from collective bright and dark states of light, i.e., particular cases of two-mode binomial states, which are entangled superpositions of multimode photon-number states. This makes it possible to explain wave interference using the particle description of light and the superposition principle for linear systems only. It also sheds new light on an old debate concerning the origin of complementarity. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 18/22402-7 - Nonlinear effects in two-mode cavity QED systems
Grantee:Celso Jorge Villas-Bôas
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
FAPESP's process: 22/00209-6 - Second generation quantum technologies
Grantee:Celso Jorge Villas-Bôas
Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
FAPESP's process: 17/13250-6 - Many-body non-classical signatures in cold atoms fluorescence
Grantee:Carlos Eduardo Máximo
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 19/11999-5 - Collective effects on atomic systems, nuclear spins and cavity quantum electrodynamics
Grantee:Celso Jorge Villas-Bôas
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
FAPESP's process: 23/03300-7 - Localization of Light: Anderson and beyond
Grantee:Romain Pierre Marcel Bachelard
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
FAPESP's process: 18/15554-5 - Transport and localization of light in two and three dimensions
Grantee:Romain Pierre Marcel Bachelard
Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants - Phase 2
FAPESP's process: 23/01213-0 - Few-photon localization in disordered atomic clouds
Grantee:Romain Pierre Marcel Bachelard
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants