Investigating fluoxetine removal via an electro-Fenton-like approach: Experimental design, kinetic modeling and evaluation of operating conditions

Author(s)

de Souza, Larissa Pinheiro ; de Souza, Isabela Matos Gaudio ; Klanovicz, Natalia ; Metolina, Patricia ; Souto, Robson da Silva ; Ramos, Bruno ; Lanza, Marcos Roberto de Vasconcelos ; Teixeira, Antonio Carlos Silva Costa

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING; v. 13, n. 4, p. 10-pg., 2025-08-01.

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the electro-Fenton-persulfate (EF/PS) system using fluoxetine (FLX) as a model contaminant. It examined the effects of Fe/PS molar ratio and current density through a central composite design. The study also explored how various factors like anode type, water matrix complexity, and pH impact the toxicity of the effluent. A kinetic model outlined the oxidation pathways and treatment strategies, highlighting the EF/PS process's benefits for FLX removal regarding energy efficiency and cost reduction. Optimal conditions (Fe/PS molar ratio = 0.59 and j = 53 mA cm-2) achieved complete FLX degradation in 5 min with no residual toxicity. The feasibility of applying the process to real water matrices at near-neutral pH was demonstrated, emphasizing the suitability of the DSA anode. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters obtained through mathematical modeling provide essential data for designing and configuring electro-Fenton/PS-oriented reactors and treatment systems for pharmaceutical wastewater impacted by the antidepressant. Finally, this work integrates kinetic modeling and toxicity assessment into the EF/PS framework, offering a promising, cost-effective approach for water remediation. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 22/14178-5 - STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INTENSIFIED ELECTRO-FENTON/PERSULFATE PROCESS WITH IN-SITU H2O2 ELECTROGENERATION FOR EMERGING CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN AQUEOUS MEDIUM
• Grantee: Isabela Matos Gaudio de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 22/12895-1 - Advanced processes for the degradation of emerging pollutants: catalytic materials, electroanalytical sensors and scientific dissemination
• Grantee: Marcos Roberto de Vasconcelos Lanza
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants