Benchmarking the Stability of State-of-the-Art H₂O₂ Electrocatalysts under Acidic Conditions

Author(s):Show less -

Fortunato, Guilherme V. ; Jung, Daniele C. ; Lourenco, Julio C. ; Bhuyan, Pallabi ; Choi, Ji Sik ; You, Xiangyu ; Lim, Sumin ; Melchionna, Michele ; Sezen, Hikmet ; Hofmann, Jan P. ; Fornasiero, Paolo ; Lanza, Marcos R. V. ; Ledendecker, Marc

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ACS CATALYSIS; v. 15, n. 11, p. 11-pg., 2025-05-10.

Abstract

Electrocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production presents a promising alternative to conventional synthesis methods, such as the anthraquinone process. It utilizes electrocatalysts to selectively reduce oxygen through a two-electron transfer (ORR-2e-) mechanism. However, designing affordable, selective, and stable catalytic materials is challenging, as they face degradation under reaction conditions. To evaluate the long-term performance and reliability of electrocatalysts, accelerated stress tests (ASTs) are commonly employed to simulate and understand the catalyst's degradation pathways in a shorter time. For the electrosynthesis of H2O2, however, a standardized approach is notably absent, and there is a dearth of comparative analysis across various catalyst classes. In this study, we have designed and tested three distinct AST protocols to investigate the deactivation processes involved during the electrocatalytic H2O2 production in acidic media. We assessed the performance of four leading catalysts, each exhibiting over 90% selectivity. These included palladium single atoms, gold and palladium nanoparticles, and cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon, all supported on high surface area carbon. Our investigation revealed substantial variations in stability, contingent upon the specific material and the applied degradation protocol. This approach enables a comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the stability of electrocatalysts as well as facilitates the development of more continuous and cost-effective H2O2 production routes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/12053-8 - Use of sewage treatment sludge in the synthesis of active carbon modified with nanostructured oxides (Ce, Nb, Ta, and Pd ) and its application in the electrochemical generation of hydrogen peroxide
• Grantee: Julio César Lourenço
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 22/12895-1 - Advanced processes for the degradation of emerging pollutants: catalytic materials, electroanalytical sensors and scientific dissemination
• Grantee: Marcos Roberto de Vasconcelos Lanza
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 23/04230-2 - Boosting electrochemical H2O2 generation from waste-derived activated carbon using Pd and Pt catalyst modification
• Grantee: Julio César Lourenço
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor
• FAPESP's process: 19/04421-7 - Production and characterization of metal-graphene or graphene oxide nanocomposites for the electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide: Application to the degradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes
• Grantee: Guilherme Vilalba Fortunato
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 21/14194-8 - Production and characterization of metal-graphene or graphene oxide nanocomposites for the electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide: application to the degradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes
• Grantee: Guilherme Vilalba Fortunato
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor