Southern Brazil HIV Type 1 C Expansion into the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

Brigido, L. F. M. ^[1] ; Ferreira, J. L. P. ; Almeida, V. C. ^[2] ; Rocha, S. Q. ^[3] ; Ragazzo, T. G. ^[2] ; Estevam, D. L. ^[3] ; Rodrigues, R. ; Workgrp, Sao Paulo HIV Salvage

Affiliation

^[1] Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Serv Virol, Retrovirus Lab, BR-01246902 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Ctr Referencia DST Aids, Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Ctr Referencia DST Aids, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; v. 27, n. 3, p. 339-344, MAR 2011.
• Web of Science Citations: 21

Abstract

HIV diversity reflects multifactorial evolutionary forces, but monitoring subtype prevalence may provide clues to understanding the epidemic. In the Americas HIV-1 C is present at significant levels only in the southern states of Brazil. We describe in this study the presence of the HIV-1 C pol genome in 11.6% (95 CI 6-21%) of antiretroviral-naive individuals from Sao Paulo, the major city of South America, and 6.8% (95 CI 4-12%) from the second metropolitan area of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Moreover, a significant growth trend of this subtype was documented among cases failing therapy in the area. Sequences were obtained by direct nested PCR from cDNA retrotranscribed from plasma RNA. Phylogenetic and amino acid signatures support an expansion from variants previously identified in southern Brazil. The evaluation of additional genomic regions (partial gag, envelope, and/or integrase) in samples with HIV-1 C at pol showed extensive recombination with clade B, observed in 47% of ARV-naive cases. The spread of HIV-1 C locally and to other areas of South America should be monitored as it may influence the dynamics of the epidemic. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 06/61311-0 - HIV genotyping test and of salvage therapies in the state of São Paulo
• Grantee: Rosangela Rodrigues
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research in Public Policies for the National Health Care System (PP-SUS)