The effects of chronic exposure to traffic derived air pollution on the ocular surface

Author(s)

Novaes, Priscila ^[1] ; do Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilario ^[2] ; Matsuda, Monique ^{[1, 2]} ; Macchione, Mariangela ^[2] ; Rangel, Maristela Peres ^[1] ; Kara-Jose, Newton ^[1] ; Berra, Alejandro ^{[1, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Invest Oftalmol, Fac Med, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Poluicao Atmosfer Expt, Fac Med, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Invest Oculares, Fac Med, Buenos Aires, DF - Argentina

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Environmental Research; v. 110, n. 4, p. 372-374, MAY 2010.
• Web of Science Citations: 46

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical relevance of chronic exposure to ambient levels of traffic derived air pollution on the ocular surface. Methods: A panel study involving 55 volunteers was carried out in Sao Paulo, Brazil. We measured the mean individual levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) exposure for 7 days. All subjects answered the Ocular Symptom Disease Index (OSDI) and a symptoms inventory. Subsequently, subjects underwent Schirmer I test, biomicroscopy, vital staining and tear breakup time (TOUT) assessment. Subject's mean daily exposure to NO(2) was categorized in quartiles. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD and Chi-Square tests. Results: A dose-response pattern was detected between OSDI scores and NO(2) quartiles (p < 0.05). There was a significant association between NO(2) quartiles and reported ocular irritation (X(2) = 9.2, p < 0.05) and a significant negative association between TBUT and NO(2) exposure (p < 0.05, R = -0.316. Spearman's correlation). There was a significant increase in the frequency of meibomitis in subjects exposed to higher levels of NO(2) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Subjects exposed to higher levels of traffic derived air pollution reported more ocular discomfort symptoms and presented greater tear film instability, suggesting that the ocular discomfort symptoms and tear breakup time could be used as convenient bioindicators of the adverse health effects of traffic derived air pollution exposure. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 03/10772-9 - Role of intra-uterine and early post-natal exposure to ambient air pollution and development of deleterious changes in respiratory and reproductive systems in adult life: an experimental study in mice
• Grantee: Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants