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(Reference retrieved automatically from Google Scholar through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

LINE-1 Hypomethylation in Cancer Is Highly Variable and Inversely Correlated with Microsatellite Instability

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Author(s):
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Estecio, Marcos R. H. [1] ; Gharibyan, Vazganush [1] ; Shen, Lanlan [1] ; Ibrahim, Ashraf E. K. [2] ; Doshi, Ketan [3] ; He, Rong [1] ; Jelinek, Jaroslav [1] ; Yang, Allen S. [4] ; Yan, Pearlly S. [5] ; Huang, Tim H-M. [5] ; Tajara, Eloiza H. [6] ; Issa, Jean-Pierre J. [1]
Total Authors: 12
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030 - USA
[2] Univ Cambridge, Dept Pathol, Cambridge CB2 1QP - England
[3] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 - USA
[4] Univ So Calif, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA - USA
[5] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Human Canc Genet Program, Columbus, OH 43210 - USA
[6] Fac Med Sao Jose Rio Preto FAMERP, Dept Mol Biol, Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 6
Document type: Journal article
Source: PLoS One; v. 2, n. 5, p. e399, 2007.
Web of Science Citations: 189
Abstract

Background. Alterations in DNA methylation in cancer include global hypomethylation and gene-specific hypermethylation. It is not clear whether these two epigenetic errors are mechanistically linked or occur independently. This study was performed to determine the relationship between DNA hypomethylation, hypermethylation and microsatellite instability in cancer. Methodology/Principal Findings. We examined 61 cancer cell lines and 60 colorectal carcinomas and their adjacent tissues using LINE-1 bisulfite-PCR as a surrogate for global demethylation. Colorectal carcinomas with sporadic microsatellite instability (MSI), most of which are due to a CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP) and associated MLH1 promoter methylation, showed in average no difference in LINE-1 methylation between normal adjacent and cancer tissues. Interestingly, some tumor samples in this group showed increase in LINE-1 methylation. In contrast, MSI-showed a significant decrease in LINE-1 methylation between normal adjacent and cancer tissues (P<0.001). Microarray analysis of repetitive element methylation confirmed this observation and showed a high degree of variability in hypomethylation between samples. Additionally, unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified a group of highly hypomethylated tumors, composed mostly of tumors without microsatellite instability. We extended LINE-1 analysis to cancer cell lines from different tissues and found that 50/61 were hypomethylated compared to peripheral blood lymphocytes and normal colon mucosa. Interestingly, these cancer cell lines also exhibited a large variation in demethylation, which was tissue-specific and thus unlikely to be resultant from a stochastic process. Conclusion/Significance. Global hypomethylation is partially reversed in cancers with microsatellite instability and also shows high variability in cancer, which may reflect alternative progression pathways in cancer. (AU)