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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Natural infection in anopheline species and its implications for autochthonous malaria in the Atlantic forest in Brazil

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Duarte, Ana Maria R. C. [1] ; Pereira, Diego M. [1] ; de Paula, Marcia B. [2] ; Fernandes, Aristides [2] ; Urbinatti, Paulo R. [2] ; Ribeiro, Andressa F. [2] ; Mello, Maria Helena S. H. [3] ; Matos, Jr., Marco O. [3] ; Mucci, Luis F. [4] ; Fernandes, Licia N. [5] ; Natal, Delsio [2] ; Malafronte, Rosely S. [5, 6]
Total Authors: 12
Affiliation:
[1] Superintendency Control Endem Dis SUCEN, Biochem & Mol Biol Lab, BR-01027000 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[3] Zoonosis Control Ctr, Lab Identificat & Res Synanthrop Fauna Lab Fauna, BR-02031020 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[4] SUCEN, Culicid Lab SR 03, BR-12020020 Taubate - Brazil
[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Trop Med, Protozool Lab, BR-05403000 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 6
Document type: Journal article
Source: PARASITES & VECTORS; v. 6, MAR 7 2013.
Web of Science Citations: 20
Abstract

Background: A descriptive study was carried out in an area of the Atlantic Forest with autochthonous malaria in the Parelheiros subdistrict on the periphery of the municipality of Sao Paulo to identify anopheline fauna and anophelines naturally infected with Plasmodium as well as to discuss their role in this peculiar epidemiological context. Methods: Entomological captures were made from May 2009 to April 2011 using Shannon traps and automatic CDC traps in four areas chosen for their different patterns of human presence and incidences of malaria (anthropic zone 1, anthropic zone 2, transition zone and sylvatic zone). Natural Plasmodium infection was detected by nested PCR based on amplification of the 18S rRNA gene. Results: In total, 6,073 anophelines were collected from May 2009 to April 2011, and six species were identified in the four zones. Anopheles cruzii was the predominant species in the three environments but was more abundant in the sylvatic zone. Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii specimens from the anthropic and sylvatic zones were positive for P. vivax and P. malariae. An. (Ker.) bellator, An. (Nys.) triannulatus, An. (Nys.) strodei, An. (Nys.) lutzi and An. (Ano) maculipes were found in small numbers. Of these, An. (Nys.) triannulatus and An. (Nys.) lutzi, which were collected in the anthropic zone, were naturally infected with P. vivax while An. (Nys.) triannulatus from the anthropic zones and An. (Nys.) strodei from the transition zone were positive for P. malariae. Conclusion: These results confirm that Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii plays an important role as a major Plasmodium vector. However, the finding of other naturally infected species may indicate that secondary vectors are also involved in the transmission of malaria in the study areas. These findings can be expected to help in the implementation of new measures to control autochthonous malaria in areas of the Atlantic Forest. (AU)