A New Species of Kuhlmanniodendron (Lindackerieae, Achariaceae) from Eastern Brazil and the Systematic Position of the Genus in Achariaceae

Author(s)

Groppo, Milton ^[1] ; Garcia Favaretto, Bruno Simoes ^[1] ; da Silva, Claudia Ines ^[1] ; Jardim, Jomar Gomes ^[2] ; Fiaschi, Pedro ^[3]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, Dept Biol, BR-14051901 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Bot Ecol & Zool, Ctr Biociencias, BR-59072970 Natal, RN - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SYSTEMATIC BOTANY; v. 38, n. 1, p. 162-171, JAN-MAR 2013.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Kuhlmanniodendron macrocarpum Groppo, Favaretto \& Fiaschi (Lirtdackerieae, Achariaceae), a second species of the genus, is here described and illustrated. This species is known from a small number of collections from the state of Bahia, eastern Brazil, and considered endangered given its restricted geographical distribution and the rapid deforestation of the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest. Kuhlmanniodendron macrocarpum can be readily distinguished from K. apterocarpum, the other species of the genus, by its larger fruits (5-8 x 4-6 cm vs. 3-4 x 2.5-3 cm), the leaf venation pattern, and the disposition and number of stamens in male flowers. In addition to morphological characters used to characterize the new species, phylogenetic analyses were carried out using an rbcL sequence from the new species together with other Malpighiales sequences deposited in GenBank. These analyses involved maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The results confirmed the close relationship of the new species with K. apterocarpum in a strongly supported clade. Kuhlmanniodendron appeared close to Camptostylus, Lindackeria, Xylotheca, and Caloncoba in a strongly supported clade (posterior probability = 0.99) that corresponds with the tribe Lindackerieae of Achariaceae (Malpighiales). The arrangement of the stamens in the male flowers of the new species were investigated using transversal anatomical sections, revealing a combination of stamens with basally connate filaments externally arranged in a ring and internally arranged in sets of three (or two), the first report of this pattern of stamen arrangement in Achariaceae. Pollen of K. macrocarpum are 3-colporate and microreticulate, and typical of many eudicots. A picrosodic paper test was performed in herbarium dry leaves, and cyanogenic glycosides, a class of compounds usually found in Achariaceae, were detected. A detailed description and illustrations of this new species are provided, as well as comments on geographic distribution, phenology, generic relationships, and conservation status. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/02814-7 - Areas of endemism in the Atlantic forests: an analysis with angiosperms
• Grantee: Pedro Fiaschi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 06/03170-0 - Phylogenetic and systematic studies in Rutaceae: phylogeny and delimitation of Galipeinae (Galipeae) based on nuclear and plastidial DNA sequences
• Grantee: Milton Groppo Júnior
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants