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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Direct Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Rice by SS-GF AAS: Development of Methods and Applications

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Author(s):
Silvestre, Daniel Menezes [1] ; Nomura, Cassiana Seimi [1]
Total Authors: 2
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 1
Document type: Journal article
Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; v. 61, n. 26, p. 6299-6303, JUL 3 2013.
Web of Science Citations: 11
Abstract

The development of methods for direct determinations of Al, Cd, and Pb in rice by SS-GF AAS is presented. Heating program optimization associated with the use of an adequate chemical modifier containing Pd + Mg allowed direct analysis against aqueous calibrations. The obtained LOD values were 114.0, 3.0, and 16.0 mu g kg(-1) for Al, Cd, and Pb, respectively. Important parameters associated with a solid sampling analysis were investigated, such as minimum and maximum sample mass size and analyte segregation. Seventeen rice samples available in Sao Paulo City were analyzed, and all of them presented analyte mass fractions less than the maximum allowed by legislation. The influences of rice washing and the cooking procedure were also investigated. The washing procedure diminished the Al and Pb total mass fractions, indicating an exogenous grain contamination. The cooking procedure diminished the Cd total mass fraction. Rice cooking using an aluminum container did not cause a significant increase in the Al mass fraction in the rice, indicating no translocation of this element from container to food. In general, coarse rice presented higher levels of Al when compared to polished or parabolized rice. (AU)